Cisco Sg2008 Manual

							Administration
File Management
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Downloading an Image or Boot Code File From the System 
Boot Prompt
You can download and install a new image or boot code file at the system boot 
prompt using the TFTP and XMODEM protocols. This process may be necessary 
when the application software does not execute due to a corrupted software 
image or boot code file and, as a result, you cannot access the CLI or web-based 
interface utilities for downloading and installing new software.
If the switch is connected to a network, you can obtain IP information for the switch 
via DHCP, and then use TFTP to download the file.
If no network connection is available, and the switch is connected through its serial 
console port to a management station, you can use the XMODEM protocol to 
download the file.
NOTEThis process requires a management system that is connected to the serial 
console port on the switch and has a terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term 
or HyperTerminal. Configure the utility with the following parameters:
•115200 bits per second
•8 data bits
•no parity
•1 stop bit
•no flow control
See your product Quick Star t Guide for more information on setting up the 
console port connection.
Downloading an Image or Boot Code File Using TFTP
To download a software image or boot code file using TFTP at the boot prompt:
STEP 1Using a terminal emulation program, open a serial connection between the switch 
and the management system connected to the switch console port.
STEP  2Physically connect switch port e1 to the network.
STEP  3Power up the switch.
STEP  4Stop the firmware load by pressing and holding +C as the switch boots up. 
The boot-level command prompt displays:
CFE> 
						

							Administration
File Management
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STEP  5Enter the command to have an IP address assigned to the port from a DHCP server 
on the attached network:
CFE> ifconfig eth0 -auto
When the switch receives a DHCP reply, the IP information displays on the 
terminal.
STEP  6Enter the command to download an image file to Flash:
CFE>flash server-ipaddr:image-filename flash0.os
Or, enter the command to download a boot code file:
CFE> flash ipaddr:bootcode-filename flash0.boot
Replace ipaddr with the IP address of the system where the file resides, and 
replace image-filename or bootcode-filename with the actual image or 
boot code filename.
WARNING! Make sure that the switch is connected to an uninterrupted power 
supply during a boot code upgrade. This process might take 10–20 seconds.
When the download is complete, the switch copies the image or boot code file 
into Flash memory.
STEP  7Enter the command to restart the switch to boot it with new software:
CFE>reset -sysreset
NOTE: You can verify the boot code or image version by viewing the System 
Summary page in the web-based switch configuration utility. Or, from the 
command line interface, you can enter the show sysinfo command.
Downloading an Image or Boot Code File Using XMODEM
To download a software image or boot code file using XMODEM at the boot 
prompt:
STEP 1Using a terminal emulation program, open a serial connection between the switch 
and the management system connected to the switch console port.
STEP  2Power up the switch. 
						

							Administration
File Management
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STEP  3Stop the control at boot code by pressing and holding  + C continuously as 
the switch boots up, until the following prompt displays:
CFE>
STEP  4Enter the command to download a software image:
CFE>flash uart0 flash0.os 
Or, enter the command to download a boot code file:
CFE>flash uart0 flash0.boot
WARNING! Make sure that the switch is connected to an uninterrupted power 
supply during a boot code upgrade. This process might take 10–20 seconds.
The switch waits for a file to be sent from the management station.
STEP  5In the terminal emulation software, select the file and begin the transfer.
For example, in Tera Term, click File > Transfer > XMODEM > Send, and then 
browse to select the file.
When the download is complete, the switch burns the image or boot code file into 
Flash memory.
STEP  6Enter the command to restart the switch to boot it with new software:
CFE>reset -sysreset
NOTE: You can verify the boot code or image version by viewing the System 
Summary page in the web-based switch configuration utility. Or, from the 
command line interface, you can enter the show sysinfo command. 
						

							Administration
Rebooting the Switch
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Rebooting the Switch
Use the Reboot page reboot the switch. To reboot the switch:
STEP 1Click Administration > Reboot in the navigation window.
STEP  2Select one of the following options:
•Reboot—Reboots the switch using the latest save configuration.
•Reboot to Factory Default—Reboots the switch using with the factory 
default configuration file. Any customized settings are lost.
A window appears to enable you to confirm or cancel the reboot. The current 
management session might be terminated.
STEP  3Confirm or cancel the reboot.
Pinging Hosts
Use the Ping page to send a Ping request from the switch to a specified IP 
address. You can use this feature to check whether the switch can communicate 
with a particular network host.
To ping a network host:
STEP 1Click Administration > Ping in the navigation window.
STEP  2Select IPv4 or IPv6 as the Address Type. 
						

							Administration
Configuring Control Packet Forwarding
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STEP  3For an IPv4 address, enter the following parameters:
•IP Address/Hostname—Enter the IP address or the hostname of the station 
you want the switch to ping.
•Count—Specify the number of pings to send.
•Interval—Specify the number of seconds between pings sent.
•Datagram Size—Specify the data size of the ping packet to send.
For an IPv6 address, enter the following parameters:
•Ping Type—Select Global to ping an address outside the local subnet. 
Select Link Local to ping an address on the local subnet.
•IPv6 Address/Hostname—(Global addresses only) Enter the 128-bit global 
address.
•IPv6 Link-Local Address—(Link-local addresses only) Enter the link local 
address if the address is on the same subnet as the switch.
•Datagram Size—Specify the data size of the ping packet to send (between 
48 and 2048 bytes).
STEP  4Click Apply to send the ping. You can view the status in the Ping window.
Configuring Control Packet Forwarding
You can use the Control Packet For warding page to configure how the switch 
handles packets of the following protocol types: 
•CDP—The Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), which is supported on many 
types of Cisco networking equipment. CDP enables directly connected 
devices to share information such as their IP addresses, capabilities, and 
software versions. Although the switch does not itself support CDP, it can 
forward CDP packets on behalf of connected devices within a VLAN.
•Dot1X—The IEEE 802.1X protocol defines how Extensible Authentication 
Protocol (EAP) packets are encapsulated over a LAN. Dot1X provides a way 
to authenticate users and allow or deny them access to services made 
available by switch ports. See 802.1X for information on configuring the 
Dot1X feature on the switch.  
						

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Diagnostics
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•LLDP—Network devices use the Link Layer Discovery Protocol to advertise 
their capabilities to other devices. See LLDP-MED for information on 
configuring the LLDP feature on the switch. 
To configure control packet forwarding:
STEP 1Click Administration > Control Packet Forwarding in the navigation window.
STEP  2Select the protocol you want to configure (CDP, LLPD, or DOT1x).
STEP  3Select the action that a port will take when received packets of the specified type:
•Drop—All packets of the selected type are dropped.
•Forward—All packets of the selected type are forwarded within the 
specified VLAN. This is the default action for CDP packets.
•Te r m i n a t e—The packet is accepted and processed on the switch. This is 
the default action for LLDP and DOT1X packets and is not available for CDP 
packets.
STEP  4Click Apply. Your changes are saved to the Running Configuration.
Diagnostics
You can use the diagnostics pages to perform virtual cable tests for copper and 
fiber optics cables, set up a diagnostic monitor for a port or VLAN, and to view 
CPU utilization data.
Se e the following topic s for more information on the configuration pages available 
in the Administration > Diagnostics menu:
•Testing Copper Ports
•Configuring Port and VLAN Mirroring
•CPU/Memory Utilization 
						

							Administration
Diagnostics
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Testing Copper Ports
Use the Copper Por ts page to perform tests on copper cables. These physical 
layer diagnostics can be used to help determine where in the cable a break might 
exist .
The Copper Ports Table lists each port and the following data, which it learned 
through the most recent test (default data appears if the port has not been tested):
•Test Result—Results of the most recent cable test. Possible values are: 
-Normal—Cable is working correctly.
-Open—Cable is disconnected or the connector is faulty.
-Short—Cable has an electrical short.
-Untested—No test has been performed.
-Cable status test failed—Cable status could not be determined by the 
test. The cable might be working.
•Distance to Fault—Distance in meters from the port where the cable error, 
if any, was detected in the most recent cable test.
•Last Update—Last time the port was tested.
•Cable Length—Length of the cable in meters.
To initiate a copper port test:
STEP 1Click Administration>Diagnostics > Copper Ports in the navigation window.
STEP  2Select a port and click Te s t.
If the port has an active link while a cable test is run, the link might go down for the 
duration of the test. It might take several seconds to run the test . When complete, a 
window appears with the test results. 
						

							Administration
Diagnostics
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Configuring Port Mirroring
Use the port mirroring feature to send network traffic on a port copied to another 
port for analysis by a network analyzer.
A mirroring session consists of a destination probe por t and at least one source 
port. A mirror copy of the traffic on the source port(s) being probed are 
transmitted from the source port to the destination probe port. A network analyzer 
can be connected to a destination probe port to analyze network traffic.
A port configured as a destination probe port acts as a mirroring port as long as 
the session is operationally active. When the session is not active, the port 
transmits and receives traffic based on the other configuration parameters.
NOTEWhen a port is configured as a probe port, the switch does not forward or receive 
any traffic or respond to a ping. 
To  d i s p l a y  t h e  Por t and VL AN Mirroring page, click Administration > Diagnostics 
> Port Mirroring in the navigation window.
Four mirroring sessions are available for configuration and are disabled by default. 
The Port Mirroring Session Table displays the following fields for each session:
•Session ID—A monitoring session ID number. 
•Admin Mode—Indicates whether the port mirroring session is enabled or 
disabled.
•Destination Interface— To enable this feature, select it and choose the 
port to where the traffic on the source port is mirrored to the destination 
probe port.
•Source Interface—List of the source interfaces selected to participate in 
this mirroring session. 
The Port Mirroring Source Interface Table lists the source interfaces assigned to 
each session. You can select Filter and select a Session ID to display data for only 
one session.
To set up port mirroring, you first assign source interfaces to a session. Then, you 
define a destination interface and enable the session. A session is operationally 
active only when the source and destination interfaces are configured and the 
administrative mode is enabled. 
						

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Diagnostics
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To configure a mirroring session:
STEP 1In the Port Mirroring Source Interface Table, click Add.
STEP  2Select a Session ID.
STEP  3Select the Source Interface and the type of traffic to be mirrored.
STEP  4By using the Type radio button, specify the direction of the traffic at the source 
interface that is to be monitored:
•Rx Only—Incoming traffic
•Tx Only—Outgoing traffic
•Tx and R x—Both incoming and outgoing traffic 
STEP  5Click Apply. Your changes are saved to the Running Configuration.
You can repeat the process to assign multiple Source Interfaces to the same 
session. However, a source interface can be used in only one active session at a 
time.
STEP  6In the Port Mirroring Session Table, select the session to activate and click Edit.
STEP  7For the Admin Mode, select Enable. (Deselecting the Admin Mode check box 
retains the session configuration but disables it.)
STEP  8For the Destination Interface, select Enable and select a Destination Interface port 
to mirror the data.
!
CAUTIONWhen a port is configured as a destination probe port, the switch does not forward 
or receive any traffic on that port and it does not respond to any pings received on 
that port. All the previous configuration parameters on that port are cleared and the 
port must be reconfigured when mirroring is removed from the port configuration.
Select Reset Session to clear any configuration parameters applied during this 
session.
STEP  9Click Apply and then click Close. The probe session begins.
NOTETo end a probe session, select the session in the Port Mirroring Session Table and 
click Edit. Clear the Admin Mode checkbox, click Apply, and then click Close. 
						

							Administration
Enabling Bonjour
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To clear the current configuration for a session, select the session and click Edit. 
Then select Enable for Reset Session field.
CPU/Memory Utilization
Use the CPU/Memory Utilization page to monitor CPU and memor y usage. To 
display this page, click Administration > Diagnostics > CPU/Memory Utilization 
in the navigation window.
The page displays the following data:
•Refresh Rate—Specify that the page refresh with the latest data every 15, 
30, or 60 seconds, or leave the default as No Refresh.
•CPU Utilization Report—The utilization percentage for 5 second, 1 minute, 
and 5 minute intervals.
•Memory Utilization Report—The following data is reported:
-Allocated Memory—Amount of memory available to the operating 
system (OS).
-Free Memor y—Amount of memory available to the OS that is currently 
free.
-To t a l  M e m o r y—Total system memory, which includes the Allocated 
Memory, plus free memory, plus memory reserved for use by code and 
data sections of the software image.
Enabling Bonjour
Bonjour enables the switch and the services enabled by the administrator to be 
discovered by using multicast DNS (mDNS). (Use the Administration > 
Management Services page to enable or disable the switch services.) Bonjour 
advertises switch services to the network and answers queries for the service 
types it supports, simplifying network configuration in small business 
environments. 
Bonjour is enabled by default and runs on the management VLAN. Bonjour 
Discovery can only be enabled globally, not on a per-port or per- VLAN basis. 
The switch advertises the following service types: