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Edimax Router AR-7084A User Manual

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    							 63
    7. Glossary 
    10Base-T 
    It is an Ethernet standard for Local Area Network (LAN). 10Base-T uses a twisted 
    pair cable with maximum length of 100 meters. 
     
    AAL 
    ATM Adaptation Layer that defines the rules governing segmentation and 
    reassembly of data into cells. Different AAL types are suited to different traffic 
    classes. 
     
    ADSL 
    Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, as its name showing, is an asymmetrical 
    data transmission technology with high traffic rate downstream and low traffic 
    rate upstream. ADSL technology satisfies the bandwidth requirement of 
    applications, which demand “asymmetric” traffic, such as web surfing, file 
    download and Video-on-demand (VOD). 
     
    ATM  
    Asynchronous Transfer Mode is a layer 2 protocol supporting high-speed 
    asynchronous data with advanced traffic management and quality of service 
    features. 
     
    bps 
    Bits per second, a standard measurement of digital transmission speeds. 
     
    Bridge 
    A device that connects two or more physical networks and forwards packets 
    between them. Bridges can usually be made to filter packets, that is, to forward 
    only certain traffic. Related devices are: repeaters which simply forward electrical 
    signals from one cable to the other and full-fledged routers which make routing 
    decisions based on several criteria. 
     
     
      
    						
    							 64 CPE 
    Customer Premises Equipment, such as ADSL router, USB modem. 
     
    Default Gateway (Router) 
    Every non-router IP device needs to configure a default gateway’s IP address. 
    When the device sends out an IP packet, if the destination is not on the same 
    network, the device has to send the packet to its default gateway, which will then 
    send it out towards the destination. 
     
    DHCP 
    Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, this protocol automatically gives every 
    computer on your home network an IP address. 
     
    DNS Server IP Address 
    DNS stands for Domain Name System, which allows Internet servers to have a 
    domain name (such as www.Broadbandrouter.com) and one or more IP 
    addresses (such as 192.34.45.8). A DNS server keeps a database of Internet 
    servers and their respective domain names and IP addresses, so that when a 
    domain name is requested (as in typing Broadbandrouter.com into your Internet 
    browser), the user is sent to the proper IP address. The DNS server IP address 
    used by the computers on your home network is the location of the DNS server 
    your ISP has assigned to you.  
     
    DSL 
    Digital Line Subscriber (DSL) technology provides high-speed access over 
    twisted copper pair for connection to the Internet, LAN interfaces, and to 
    broadband services such as video-on-demand, distance learning, and video 
    conferencing. 
     
    Ethernet 
    It is a standard for computer networks. Ethernet networks are connected by 
    special cables and hubs or switches, and move data around at up to 10/100 
    million bits per second (Mbps).  
     
      
    						
    							 65 FTP 
    File Transfer Protocol. The Internet protocol (and program) used to transfer files 
    between hosts. 
     
    Idle Timeout 
    Idle Timeout is designed so that after there is no traffic to the Internet for a pre-
    configured amount of time, the connection will automatically be disconnected. 
     
    ISP 
    Internet Service Provider is a business that provides connectivity to the Internet 
    for individuals and other businesses or organizations.  
     
    ISP Gateway Address 
    The ISP Gateway Address is an IP address for the Internet router located at the 
    ISPs office.  
     
    LAN 
    Local Area Network is a group of computers and devices connected together in a 
    relatively small area (such as a house or an office). Your home network is 
    considered a LAN.  
     
    MAC Address 
    MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address is the hardware address 
    of a device connected to a network. The MAC address is a unique identifier for a 
    device with an Ethernet interface. It is comprised of two parts: 3 bytes of data that 
    corresponds to the Manufacturer ID (unique for each manufacturer), plus 3 bytes 
    that are often used as the product’s serial number. 
     
    MTU 
    Maximum Transmission Unit 
     
     
     
     
      
    						
    							 66 NAT 
    Network Address Translator is defined by RFC 1631. Enable a LAN network to 
    use one set of IP address for internal traffic. A NAT box located where the LAN 
    meets the Internet provides the necessary IP address translation. This helps 
    provide a sort of firewall and allow for a wider address range to be used internally 
    without danger of conflict. Using the router’s NAT capability, you can access the 
    Internet from any computer on your home network without having to purchase 
    more IP addresses from your ISP. 
     
    Port 
    Network Clients (LAN PC) uses port numbers to distinguish one network 
    application/protocol over another. Below is a list of common applications and 
    protocol/port numbers: 
     
    Application Protocol Port Number
    Telnet TCP 23 
    FTP TCP 21 
    SMTP TCP 25 
    POP3 TCP 110 
    H.323 TCP 1720 
    SNMP UCP 161 
    SNMP Trap  UDP  162 
    HTTP TCP 80 
    PPTP TCP 1723 
    PC Anywhere TCP  5631 
    PC Anywhere UDP  5632 
     
    PPP 
    PPP is the Point-to-Point-Protocol. The successor to SLIP, PPP provides router-
    to-router and host-to-network connections over both synchronous and 
    asynchronous circuits. 
     
     
     
      
    						
    							 67 PPPoA (RFC 2364) 
    The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) provides a standard method for transporting 
    multi-protocol data grams over point-to-point links. This document describes the 
    use of ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5) for framing PPP encapsulated packets. 
     
    PPPoE (RFC 2516) 
    This document describes how to build PPP sessions and encapsulate PPP 
    packets over Ethernet. PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) provides the ability to 
    connect a network of hosts over a simple bridging access device to a remote 
    Access Concentrator. 
     
    Protocol 
    A protocol is a set of rules for interaction agreed upon between multiple parties 
    so that when they interface with each other based on such a protocol, the 
    interpretation of their behavior is well defined and can be made objectively, 
    without confusion or misunderstanding.  
     
    PVC 
    Permanent Virtual Circuit, connection-oriented permanent leased line circuit 
    between end-stations on a network over a separate ATM circuit. 
     
    RFC 
    Request for Comments. The document series, begun in 1969, which describes 
    the Internet suite of protocols and related experiments. Not all RFCs describe 
    Internet standards, but all Internet standards are written up as RFCs. 
     
    RFC 1483 
    Multi-protocol encapsulation over AAL-5. Two encapsulation methods for carrying 
    network interconnect traffic over ATM AAL-5. The first method allows multiplexing 
    of multiple protocols over a single ATM virtual circuit. The protocol of a carried 
    PDU is identified by prefixing the PDU by an IEEE 802.2 Logical Link Control 
    (LLC) header. This method is in the following called LLC Encapsulation. The 
    second method does higher-layer protocol multiplexing implicitly by ATM Virtual 
    Circuits (VCs). It is in the following called VC Based Multiplexing. 
      
    						
    							 68 Router 
    A system responsible for making decisions about which of several paths network 
    (or Internet) traffic will follow. To do this, it uses a routing protocol to gain 
    information about the network and algorithms to choose the best route based on 
    several criteria known as routing metrics. 
     
    Subnet Mask 
    A subnet mask, which may be a part of the TCP/IP information provided by your 
    ISP, is a set of four numbers (e.g. 255.255.255.0) configured like an IP address. 
    It is used to create IP address numbers used only within a particular network (as 
    opposed to valid IP address numbers recognized by the Internet, which must be 
    assigned by InterNIC).  
     
    TCP/IP, UDP 
    Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Unreliable 
    Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP/IP is the standard protocol for data transmission 
    over the Internet. Both TCP and UDP are transport layer protocol. TCP performs 
    proper error detection and error recovery, and thus is reliable. UDP on the other 
    hand is not reliable. They both run on top of the IP (Internet Protocol), a network 
    layer protocol. 
     
    TELNET 
    It is the virtual terminal protocol in the Internet suite of protocols. Allows users of 
    one host to log into a remote host and act as normal terminal users of that host. 
     
    VCI 
    Virtual Circuit Identifier is part of the ATM cell header. A VCI is a tag indicating 
    the channel over which a cell will travel. The VCI of a cell can be changed as it 
    moves between switches via Signaling. 
     
    VPI 
    Virtual Path Identifier is part of the ATM cell header. A VPI is a pipe for a number 
    of Virtual Circuits. 
     
      
    						
    							 69 WAN 
    Wide Area Network is a network that connects computers located in 
    geographically separate areas (e.g. different buildings, cities, countries). The 
    Internet is a wide area network. 
     
    Web-based management Graphical User Interface (GUI) 
    Many devices support a graphical user interface that is based on the web 
    browser. This means the user can use the familiar Netscape or Microsoft Internet 
    Explorer to Control/configure or monitor the device being managed.  
    						
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