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Husqvarna 450 X Torq Owners Manual

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    							STARTING AND STOPPING
    English – 21115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    Starting and stopping
    Starting
    The chain brake must be engaged when the chain saw is 
    started. Activate the brake by moving the front hand guard 
    forwards.
    Cold engine
    Start position (1): Set the start/stop switch in the choke 
    position by pulling the red control outward - upward.
    Decompression valve (2): Press the valve to reduce the 
    pressure in the cylinder and make starting easier. Once 
    the machine has started the valve will automatically return 
    to its original setting.
    Air purge (3): Press the air purge diaphragm repeatedly 
    until fuel fills the diaphragm (at least 6 times). The 
    diaphragm need not be completely filled.
    Grip the front handle with your left hand. Hold the chain 
    saw on the ground by placing your right foot through the 
    rear handle.
    Pull the starter handle (4): Pull the starter handle with 
    your right hand and pull out the starter cord slowly until 
    you feel a resistance (as the starter pawls engage) then 
    pull firmly and rapidly until the engine fires.
    Push down the red choke control (5):  As soon as the 
    engine fires which can be heard through a puff sound, 
    push down on the red choke control.
    Pull the starter handle (6): Keep on pulling the cord 
    powerfully until the engine starts.
    Warm engine
    Start position (1): The correct choke/start throttle setting 
    for warm starting is obtained by initially moving the choke 
    control by pulling the red control outward - upwards.
    Decompression valve (2): Press the valve to reduce the 
    pressure in the cylinder and make starting easier. Once 
    the machine has started the valve will automatically return 
    to its original setting.
    Air purge (3): Press the air purge diaphragm repeatedly 
    until fuel fills the diaphragm (at least 6 times). The 
    diaphragm need not be completely filled.
    Push down the red choke control (5):  This inactivates 
    the choke, which is not needed when starting a warm 
    chain saw. However the movement of the start/stop switch 
    will have engaged a high idle, making warm starting 
    easier.
    Pull the starter handle (6): Grip the front handle with 
    your left hand. Hold the chain saw on the ground by 
    placing your right foot through the rear handle.
    Pull the starter handle with your right hand and pull out the 
    starter cord slowly until you feel a resistance (as the 
    starter pawls engage) then pull firmly and rapidly until the 
    engine fires.
    As the chain brake is still engaged the speed of the engine 
    must be set to idling as soon as possible, this is achieved 
    by disengaging the throttle lock.  Disengagement is done 
    by gently touching on the throttle trigger.  This prevents 
    unnecessary wear to the clutch, clutch drum and brake 
    band. Allow the machine to idle a few seconds before 
    giving full throttle.
    There is a simplified start reminder with illustrations to 
    describe each step on the rear edge of the saw (A).
    !
    WARNING! Note the following before 
    starting:
    The chain brake must be engaged when 
    the chain saw is started to reduce the 
    chance of contact with the moving chain 
    during starting.
    Never start a chain saw unless the bar, 
    chain and all covers are fitted correctly. 
    Otherwise the clutch can come loose and 
    cause personal injuries.
    Place the machine on firm ground. Make 
    sure you have a secure footing and that 
    the chain cannot touch anything.
    Keep people and animals well away from 
    the working area.
    Never twist the starter cord around your 
    hand.
    2 A
    3
    1 
    						
    							STARTING AND STOPPING
    22 – English115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    CAUTION! Do not pull the starter cord all the way out and 
    do not let go of the starter handle when the cord is fully 
    extended. This can damage the machine.
    Note! Reactivate the chain brake by pushing the front 
    hand guard back towards the front handle. The chain 
    saw is now ready for use.
    • Never start a chain saw unless the bar, chain and all 
    covers are fitted correctly. See instructions under the 
    heading Assembly. Without a bar and chain attached 
    to the chain saw the clutch can come loose and cause 
    serious injury.
    • The chain brake should be activated when starting. Se 
    instructions under the heading Start and stop. Do not 
    drop start. This method is very dangerous because 
    you may lose control of the saw.
    • Never start the machine indoors. Exhaust fumes can 
    be dangerous if inhaled.
    • Observe your surroundings and make sure that there 
    is no risk of people or animals coming into contact with 
    the cutting equipment.
    • Always hold the saw with both hands. The right hand 
    should be on the rear handle, and the left hand on the 
    front handle. All people, whether right or left handed, 
    should use this grip. Use a firm grip with thumbs and 
    fingers encircling the chain saw handles.
    Stopping
    Stop the engine by pushing the start/stop switch down.
    CAUTION! The start/stop switch automatically returns to 
    run position. To avoid involuntary start up, the spark plug 
    cap must always be removed from the spark plug when 
    the machine is unsupervised.
    !
    WARNING! Long term inhalation of the 
    engine’s exhaust fumes, chain oil mist 
    and dust from sawdust can represent a 
    health risk. 
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    English – 23115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    Before use:
    1Check that the chain brake works correctly and is not 
    damaged.
    2 Check that the rear right hand guard is not damaged.
    3 Check that the throttle lockout works correctly and is 
    not damaged.
    4 Check that the stop switch works correctly and is not 
    damaged.
    5 Check that all handles are free from oil.
    6 Check that the anti vibration system works and is not 
    damaged.
    7 Check that the muffler is securely attached and not 
    damaged.
    8 Check that all parts of the chain saw are tightened 
    correctly and that they are not damaged or missing.
    9 Check that the chain catcher is in place and not 
    damaged.
    10 Check the chain tension.
    General working instructions
    Basic safety rules
    1Look around you:
    • To ensure that people, animals or other things cannot 
    affect your control of the machine.
    • To make sure that none of the above might come 
    within reach of your saw or be injured by falling trees.
    CAUTION! Follow the instructions above, but do not use a 
    chain saw in a situation where you cannot call for help in 
    case of an accident.
    2 Do not use the machine in bad weather, such as 
    dense fog, heavy rain, strong wind, intense cold, etc. 
    Working in bad weather is tiring and often brings 
    added risks, such as icy ground, unpredictable felling 
    direction, etc.
    3 Take great care when removing small branches and 
    avoid cutting bushes (i.e. cutting many small branches 
    at the same time). Small branches can be grabbed by 
    the chain and thrown back at you, causing serious 
    injury.
    4 Make sure you can move and stand safely. Check the 
    area around you for possible obstacles (roots, rocks, 
    branches, ditches, etc.) in case you have to move 
    suddenly. Take great care when working on sloping 
    ground.
    5 Take great care when cutting a tree that is in tension. 
    A tree that is in tension may spring back to its normal 
    position before or after being cut. If you position 
    yourself incorrectly or make the cut in the wrong place 
    the tree may hit you or the machine and cause you to 
    lose control. Both situations can cause serious 
    personal injury.
    IMPORTANT!
    This section describes basic safety rules for using a 
    chain saw. This information is never a substitute for 
    professional skills and experience. If you get into a 
    situation where you feel unsafe, stop and seek expert 
    advice. Contact your chain saw dealer, service agent or 
    an experienced chain saw user. Do not attempt any task 
    that you feel unsure of!
    Before using a chain saw you must understand the 
    effects of kickback and how to avoid them. See 
    instructions under the heading How to avoid kickback.
    Before using a chain saw you must understand the 
    difference between cutting with the top and bottom 
    edges of the bar. See instructions under the headings 
    How to avoid kickback and Machine’s safety equipment.
    Wear personal protective equipment. See instructions 
    under the heading Personal protective equipment.
    , 
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    24 – English115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    6Before moving your chain saw switch off the engine 
    and lock the chain using the chain brake. Carry the 
    chain saw with the bar and chain pointing backwards. 
    Fit a guard to the bar before transporting the chain 
    saw or carrying it for any distance.
    7 When you put the chain saw on the ground, lock the 
    saw chain using the chain brake and ensure you have 
    a constant view of the machine. Switch the engine off 
    before leaving your chain saw for any length of time.
    General rules
    1If you understand what kickback is and how it happens 
    then you can reduce or eliminate the element of 
    surprise. By being prepared you reduce the risk. 
    Kickback is usually quite mild, but it can sometimes be 
    very sudden and violent.
    2 Always hold the chain saw firmly with your right hand 
    on the rear handle and your left hand on the front 
    handle. Wrap your fingers and thumbs around the 
    handles. You should use this grip whether you are 
    right-handed or left-handed. This grip minimises the 
    effect of kickback and lets you keep the chain saw 
    under control. 
    Do not let go of the handles! 
    3Most kickback accidents happen during limbing. Make 
    sure you are standing firmly and that there is nothing in 
    the way that might make you trip or lose your balance.
    Lack of concentration can lead to kickback if the 
    kickback zone of the bar accidentally touches a 
    branch, nearby tree or some other object.
    Have control over the workpiece. If the pieces you 
    intend to cut are small and light, they can jam in the 
    saw chain and be thrown towards you. Even if this 
    does not need to be a danger, you may be surprised 
    and lose control of the saw. Never saw stacked logs or 
    branches without first separating them. Only saw one 
    log or one piece at a time. Remove the cut pieces to 
    keep your working area safe.
    4Never use the chain saw above shoulder height 
    and try not to cut with the tip of the bar. Never use 
    the chain saw one-handed! 
    5You must have a steady stance in order to have full 
    control over the chain saw. Never work standing on a 
    ladder, in a tree or where you do not have firm ground 
    to stand on.
    6 Always use a fast cutting speed, i.e. full throttle.
    7 Take great care when you cut with the top edge of the 
    bar, i.e. when cutting from the underside of the object. 
    This is known as cutting on the push stroke. The chain 
    tries to push the chain saw back towards the user. If  
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    English – 25115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    the saw chain is jamming, the saw may be pushed 
    back at you.
    8 Unless the user resists this pushing force there is a 
    risk that the chain saw will move so far backwards that 
    only the kickback zone of the bar is in contact with the 
    tree, which will lead to a kickback.
    Cutting with the bottom edge of the bar, i.e. from the 
    top of the object downwards, is known as cutting on 
    the pull stroke. In this case the chain saw pulls itself 
    towards the tree and the front edge of the chain saw 
    body rests naturally on the trunk when cutting. Cutting 
    on the pull stroke gives the operator better control over 
    the chain saw and the position of the kickback zone.
    9 Follow the instructions on sharpening and maintaining 
    your bar and chain. When you replace the bar and 
    chain use only combinations that are recommended 
    by us. See instructions under the headings Cutting 
    equipment and Technical data.
    Basic cutting technique
    General
    •Always use full throttle when cutting!
    • Reduce the speed to idle after every cut (running the 
    engine for too long at full throttle without any load, i.e. 
    without any resistance from the chain during cutting, 
    can lead to serious engine damage).
    • Cutting from above = Cutting on the pull stroke.
    • Cutting from below = Cutting on the push stroke.
    Cutting on the push stroke increases the risk of kickback. 
    See instructions under the heading How to avoid kickback.
    Terms
    Cutting = General term for cutting through wood.
    Limbing = Cutting branches off a felled tree.
    Splitting = When the object you are cutting breaks off 
    before the cut is complete.
    There are five important factors you should consider 
    before making a cut:
    1Make sure the cutting equipment will not jam in the 
    cut.
    2 Make sure the object you are cutting will not split.
    3 Make sure the chain will not strike the ground or any 
    other object during or after cutting.
    4 Is there a risk of kickback?
    5 Do the conditions and surrounding terrain affect how 
    safely you can stand and move about?
    Two factors decide whether the chain will jam or the object 
    that you are cutting will split: the first is how the object is 
    supported before and after cutting, and the second is 
    whether it is in tension.
    In most cases you can avoid these problems by cutting in 
    two stages; from the top and from the bottom. You need to 
    support the object so that it will not trap the chain or split 
    during cutting.
    The following instructions describe how to handle the 
    commonest situations you are likely to encounter when 
    using a chain saw.
    !
    WARNING! Never use a chain saw by 
    holding it with one hand. A chain saw is 
    not safely controlled with one hand. 
    Always have a secure, firm grip around 
    the handles with both hands.
    IMPORTANT! If the chain jams in the cut: stop the 
    engine! Don’t try to pull the chain saw free. If you do you 
    may be injured by the chain when the chain saw 
    suddenly breaks free. Use a lever to open up the cut and 
    free the chain saw. 
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    26 – English115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    Limbing
    When limbing thick branches you should use the same 
    approach as for cutting.
    Cut difficult branches piece by piece.
    Cutting
    If you have a pile of logs, each log you attempt to cut 
    should be removed from the pile, placed on a saw horse 
    or runners and cut individually.
    Remove the cut pieces from the cutting area. By leaving 
    them in the cutting area, you increase the risk for 
    inadvertently getting a kickback, as well as increasing the 
    risk of losing your balance while working.
    The log is lying on the ground. There is little risk of the 
    chain jamming or the object splitting. However there is a 
    risk that the chain will touch the ground when you finish 
    the cut.
    Cut all the way through the log from above. Avoid letting 
    the chain touch the ground as you finish the cut. Maintain 
    full throttle but be prepared for what might happen.
    If it is possible (can you turn the log?) stop cutting about 
    2/3 of the way through the log.
    Turn the log and finish the cut from the opposite side.
    The log is supported at one end. There is a high risk 
    that it will split.
    Start by cutting from below (about 1/3 of the way through).
    Finish by cutting from above so that the two cuts meet.
    The log is supported at both ends. There is a high risk 
    that the chain will jam.
    Start by cutting from above (about 1/3 of the way through).
    Finish by cutting from below so that the two cuts meet.
    Tree felling technique
    Safe distance
    The safe distance between a tree that is to be felled and 
    anyone else working nearby is at least 2 1/2 tree lengths. 
    Make sure that no-one else is in this ”risk zone” before or 
    during felling.
    !
    WARNING! Never attempt to cut logs 
    while they are in a pile or when a couple 
    of logs are lying together. Such 
    procedures drastically increase the risk 
    of kickback which can result in a serious 
    or fatal injury.
    12
    3
    IMPORTANT! It takes a lot of experience to fell a tree. 
    Inexperienced users of chain saws should not fell trees. 
    Do not attempt any task that you feel unsure of! 
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    English – 27115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    Felling direction
    The aim is to fell the tree in a position where you can limb 
    and cross-cut the log as easily as possible. You want it to 
    fall in a location where you can stand and move about 
    safely.
    Once you have decided which way you want the tree to fall 
    you must judge which way the tree would fall naturally.
    Several factors affect this:
    • Lean of the tree
    • Bend
    • Wind direction
    • Arrangement of branches
    • Weight of snow
    • Obstacles within the reach of the tree: for example, 
    other trees, power lines, roads and buildings.
    • Look for signs of damage and rot in the stem, this 
    makes it more probably that the tree will break and 
    start to fall before you expect it to. 
    You may find you are forced to let the tree fall in its natural 
    direction because it is impossible or dangerous to try to 
    make it fall in the direction you first intended.
    Another very important factor, which does not affect the 
    felling direction but does affect your safety, is to make sure 
    the tree has no damaged or dead branches that might 
    break off and hit you during felling.
    The main point to avoid is letting the tree fall onto another 
    tree. It is very dangerous to remove a trapped tree and 
    there is high accident risk. See instructions under the 
    heading Freeing a tree that has fallen badly.
    Clearing the trunk and preparing your retreat
    Delimb the stem up to shoulder height. It is safer to work 
    from the top down and to have the tree between you and 
    the saw.  
    Remove any undergrowth from the base of the tree and 
    check the area for obstacles (stones, branches, holes, 
    etc.) so that you have a clear path of retreat when the tree 
    starts to fall. Your path of retreat should be roughly 135 
    degrees away from the intended felling direction.
    1 Danger zone
    2 Retreat path
    3 Felling direction
    Felling
    Felling is done using three cuts. First you make the 
    directional cuts, which consist of the top cut and the 
    bottom cut, then you finish with the felling cut. By placing 
    these cuts correctly you can control the felling direction 
    very accurately.
    Directional cuts
    To make the directional cut you begin with the top cut. Aim 
    using to the saw’s felling direction mark (1) toward a goal 
    further forward in the terrain, where you would like the tree 
    to fall (2). Stand on the right-hand side of the tree, behind 
    the saw, and cut with a pull stroke.IMPORTANT! During critical felling operations, hearing 
    protectors should be lifted immediately when sawing is 
    completed so that sounds and warning signals can be 
    heard.
    !
    WARNING! Unless you have special 
    training we advise you not to fell trees 
    with a diameter larger than the bar length 
    of your saw!
    1
    2
    1
    213 
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    28 – English115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    Next make the bottom cut so that it finishes exactly at the 
    end of the top cut.
    The directional cuts should run 1/4 of the diameter 
    through the trunk and the angle between the top cut and 
    bottom cut should be 45
    °.
    The line where the two cuts meet is called the directional 
    cut line. This line should be perfectly horizontal and at 
    right angles (90
    °) to the chosen felling direction.
    Felling cut
    The felling cut is made from the opposite side of the tree 
    and it must be perfectly horizontal. Stand on the left side 
    of the tree and cut on the pull stroke.
    Make the felling cut about 3-5 cm (1.5-2 inches) above the 
    bottom directional cut.
    Set the spike bumper (if one is fitted) just behind the felling 
    hinge. Use full throttle and advance the chain/bar slowly 
    into the tree. Make sure the tree does not start to move in 
    the opposite direction to your intended felling direction. 
    Drive a wedge or breaking bar into the cut as soon as it is 
    deep enough.
    Finish the felling cut parallel with the directional cut line so 
    that the distance between them is at least 1/10 of the 
    trunk diameter. The uncut section of the trunk is called the 
    felling hinge.
    The felling hinge controls the direction that the tree falls in.
    All control over the felling direction is lost if the felling 
    hinge is too narrow or non-existent, or if the directional 
    cuts and felling cut are badly placed.
    When the felling cut and directional cut are complete the 
    tree should start to fall by itself or with the aid of a felling 
    wedge or breaking bar.
    We recommend that you use a bar that is longer than the 
    diameter of the tree, so that you can make the felling cut 
    and directional cuts with single cutting strokes. See 
    instructions under the heading Technical data section to 
    find out which lengths of bar are recommended for your 
    saw.
    There are methods for felling trees with a diameter larger 
    than the bar length. However these methods involve a 
    much greater risk that the kickback zone of the bar will 
    come into contact with the tree. 
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    English – 29115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    Freeing a tree that has fallen badly 
    Freeing a ”trapped tree”
    It is very dangerous to remove a trapped tree and there is 
    high accident risk.
    Never try to fell the tree that is trapped.
    Never work in the risk zone of the hanging trapped tree.
    The safest method is to use a winch.
    • Tractor-mounted
    • Portable
    Cutting trees and branches that are in tension
    Preparations: Work out which side is in tension and where 
    the point of maximum tension is (i.e. where it would break 
    if it was bent even more).
    Decide which is the safest way to release the tension and 
    whether you are able to do it safely. In complicated 
    situations the only safe method is to put aside your chain 
    saw and use a winch.
    General advice:
    Position yourself so that you will be clear of the tree or 
    branch when the tension is released.
    Make one or more cuts at or near the point of maximum 
    tension. Make as many cuts of sufficient depth as necessary to reduce the tension and make the tree or 
    branch break at the point of maximum tension.
    Never cut straight through a tree or branch that is in 
    tension! 
    If you must cut across tree/limb, make two to three cuts, 
    one inch apart, one to two inches deep.
    Continue to cut deeper until tree/limb bends and tension 
    is released.
    Cut tree/limb from outside the bend, after tension has 
    been released.
    How to avoid kickback
    What is kickback?
    The word kickback is used to describe the sudden 
    reaction that causes the chain saw and bar to jump off an 
    object when the upper quadrant of the tip of the bar, 
    known as the kickback zone, touches an object.
    Kickback always occurs in the cutting plane of the bar. 
    Normally the chain saw and bar are thrown backwards 
    and upwards towards the user. However, the chain saw 
    may move in a different direction depending on the way it 
    !
    WARNING! Kickback can happen very 
    suddenly and violently; kicking the chain 
    saw, bar and chain back at the user. If 
    this happens when the chain is moving it 
    can cause very serious, even fatal 
    injuries. It is vital you understand what 
    causes kickback and that you can avoid 
    it by taking care and using the right 
    working technique. 
    						
    							WORKING TECHNIQUES
    30 – English115 13 81-26 Rev.3 2009-01-14
    was being used when the kickback zone of the bar 
    touched the object.
    Kickback only occurs if the kickback zone of the bar 
    touches an object.
    Limbing
    Make sure that you can stand and move about safely. 
    Work on the left side of the trunk. Work as close as 
    possible to the chain saw for maximum control. If possible, 
    let the weight of the chain saw rest on the trunk.
    Keep the trunk between you and the chain saw as you 
    move along the trunk.
    Cutting the trunk into logs
    See instructions under the heading Basic cutting 
    technique.
    !
    WARNING! A majority of kickback 
    accidents occur during limbing. Do not 
    use the kickback zone of the guide bar. 
    Be extremely cautious and avoid 
    contacting the log, other limbs or objects 
    with the nose of the guide bar. Be 
    extremely cautious of limbs under 
    tension. They can spring back toward 
    you and cause loss of control resulting 
    in injury. 
    						
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