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Steinberg Nuendo 4 Operation Manual

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    							481
    Video
    Video +0.1% pull-up for NTSC
    Since NTSC video is running -0.1% slower than the origi-
    nal film, pulling the video speed back up by +0.1%, re-
    turns it to original film speed. With the video now running 
    at the correct film speed, audio originally recorded at 
    48 kHz on the film shoot will remain in sync with the video. 
    Additionally, the final mix can be digitally transferred back 
    to film at 48 kHz without the need for an analog copy or 
    sample rate conversion.
    Video -0.1% pull-down (non-standard)
    Pulling the video speed down for a NTSC video is a non-
    standard procedure and would not happen under normal 
    circumstances. It is possible to pull down a video file that 
    is running at 24 fps -0.1% so it matches with material run-
    ning at NTSC video speed. The resulting frame rate is 
    23.976 fps.
    ÖSpeeding up or slowing down the video speed is only 
    possible if the video is running through a “computer 
    graphics card”. If a professional genlocked video card is 
    used, the video playback speed is derived from the gen-
    lock input.
    What is 23.976 fps used for?
    The world of digital video formats is ever changing and the 
    results are new developments for every media professional 
    involved in movies, television, corporate video and more. 
    With the advent of HD cameras that are capable of record-
    ing at several different frame rates internally, the options 
    available to cinematographers have become staggering.
    Since the look of film running at 24 fps is unique, many HD 
    productions are filmed at 24 fps to mimic the look of film 
    on video. Since the speed change from 24 fps to 29.97 
    fps NTSC is such an odd one (requiring the 0.1% pull-
    down), designers of these cameras have developed a 
    method of recording that allows the camera to record like 
    film but also output a NTSC video signal at the same time 
    without any speed change. They record at 23.976 fps 
    which translates to 24 fps pulled down -0.1%.
    ÖMany of the high-end professional HD cameras allow 
    you to record at 23.976 fps, 25 fps, 29.97 fps, 30 fps, 
    59.94 and even 60 fps. 
    						
    							483
    ReWire
    Introduction
    ReWire and ReWire2 are special protocols for streaming 
    audio between two computer applications. Developed by 
    Propellerhead Software and Steinberg, ReWire provides 
    the following possibilities and features:
    Real-time streaming of up to 64 separate audio chan-
    nels (256 with ReWire2), at full bandwidth, from the “syn-
    thesizer application” into the “mixer application”.
    In this case, the “mixer application” is of course Nuendo. An example of a 
    “synthesizer application” is Propellerhead Software’s Reason.
    Automatic, sample accurate synchronization between 
    the audio in the two programs.
    The possibility to have the two programs share one audio 
    card and take advantage of multiple outputs on that card.
    Linked transport controls that allow you to play, rewind, 
    etc., either from Nuendo or from the synthesizer applica-
    tion (provided it has some kind of transport functionality).
    Automatic audio mixing functions of separate channels 
    as required.
    In the case of Reason, for example, this allows you to have separate 
    mixer channels for the different devices.
    Additionally, ReWire2 offers the possibility to route MIDI 
    tracks in Nuendo to the other application, for full MIDI con-
    trol.
    For each ReWire2 compatible device, a number of extra MIDI outputs 
    will be made available in Nuendo. In the case of Reason, this allows you 
    to route different MIDI tracks in Nuendo to different devices in Reason, 
    having Nuendo serve as main MIDI sequencer.
    The overall load on your system is much reduced, com-
    pared to when using the programs together in the conven-
    tional way.
    Launching and quitting
    When using ReWire, the order in which you launch and 
    quit the two programs is very important:
    Launching for normal use with ReWire
    1.First launch Nuendo.
    2.Enable one or several ReWire channels in the ReWire 
    Device dialog for the other application.
    This is described in detail in the section “Activating ReWire channels” on 
    page 484.
    3.Launch the other application.
    It may take slightly longer for the application to start when you are using 
    ReWire.
    Quitting a ReWire session
    When you are finished, you also need to quit the applica-
    tions in a special order:
    1.First quit the synthesizer application.
    2.Then quit Nuendo.
    Launching both programs without using 
    ReWire
    We cannot think of any scenario, in which you would need 
    to run Nuendo and the synthesizer application simulta-
    neously on the same computer, without using ReWire, but 
    you can:
    1.First launch the synthesizer application.
    2.Then launch Nuendo.
    ÖPlease note that the two programs now compete for 
    system resources such as audio cards, just as when run-
    ning either with other, non-ReWire audio applications. 
    						
    							484
    ReWire
    Activating ReWire channels
    ReWire supports streaming of up to 64 separate audio 
    channels, while ReWire2 supports 256 channels. The ex-
    act number of available ReWire channels depends on the 
    synthesizer application. Using the ReWire Device panels 
    in Nuendo, you can specify which of the available chan-
    nels you want to use:
    1.Pull down the Devices menu and select the menu item 
    with the name of the ReWire application. All recognized 
    ReWire compatible applications will be available on the 
    menu.
    The ReWire panel appears. This consists of a number of rows, one for 
    each available ReWire channel.
    The ReWire panel for Reason.
    2.Click on the power buttons to the left to activate/de-
    activate the desired channels.
    The buttons light up to indicate activated channels. Please note that the 
    more ReWire channels you activate, the more processing power is re-
    quired.
    For information about exactly what signal is carried on 
    each channel, see the documentation of the synthesizer 
    application.
    3.If desired, double-click on the labels in the right col-
    umn, and type in another name.
    These labels will be used in the Nuendo mixer to identify the ReWire 
    channels.
    Using the transport and tempo 
    controls
    Basic transport controls
    When you run ReWire, the transports in the two programs 
    are completely linked. It doesn’t matter in which program 
    you Play, Stop, Fast Forward or Rewind. However, record-
    ing (if applicable) is still completely separate in the two 
    applications.
    Loop settings
    If there is a loop or cycle facility in the synthesizer applica-
    tion, that loop will be completely linked to the cycle in Nu-
    endo. This means that you can move the start and end 
    point for the loop or turn the loop on or off in either pro-
    gram, and this will be reflected in the other.
    Tempo settings
    As far as tempo goes, Nuendo is always the master. This 
    means that both programs will run in the tempo set in Nu-
    endo.
    However, if you are not using the Tempo track in Nuendo, 
    you can adjust the tempo in either program, and this will 
    immediately be reflected in the other.
    !This is only relevant if the synthesizer application has 
    some sort of built-in sequencer or similar.
    !If you are using the Tempo track in Nuendo (i.e. the 
    Tempo button is activated on the Transport panel), 
    you should not adjust the tempo in the synthesizer 
    application, since a tempo request from ReWire will 
    automatically deactivate the Tempo track in Nuendo! 
    						
    							485
    ReWire
    How the ReWire channels are 
    handled in Nuendo
    When you activate ReWire channels in the ReWire De-
    vice panels, they will become available as channel strips in 
    the mixer. The ReWire channel strips have the following 
    properties:
    ReWire channels appear to the right of the other audio 
    and MIDI channel strips in the mixer.
    ReWire channels may be any combination of mono and 
    stereo, depending on the synthesizer application.
    ReWire channels have the same functionality as regular 
    audio channels.
    This means you can set volume and pan, add EQ, insert effects and 
    sends and route the channel outputs to groups or busses (done in the In-
    spector. However, ReWire channels have no monitor buttons.
    All ReWire channel settings can be automated using 
    the Read/Write buttons.
    When you write automation, channel automation tracks will automatically 
    appear in the Project window. This allows you to view and edit the auto-
    mation graphically, just as with VST Instrument channels, etc.
    You can mix down the audio from ReWire channels to a 
    file on your hard disk with the Export Audio Mixdown func-
    tion (see “Mixing down to an audio file” on page 438).
    You can export the output bus to which you have routed the ReWire 
    channels. You can also export individual ReWire channels directly – 
    “rendering” each ReWire channel to a separate audio file.
    Routing MIDI via ReWire2
    When using Nuendo with a ReWire2-compatible appli-
    cation, additional MIDI outputs will automatically appear 
    on the MIDI Output pop-up menus for MIDI tracks. This 
    allows you to play the synthesizer application via MIDI 
    from Nuendo, using it as one or several separate MIDI 
    sound sources.
    The MIDI outputs for a Reason song. Here, each output goes directly to 
    a device in the Reason rack.
    The number and configuration of MIDI outputs depends 
    on the synthesizer application.
    Considerations and limitations
    Sample rates
    Synthesizer applications may be limited to audio playback 
    in certain sample rates. If Nuendo is set to a sample rate 
    other than those, the synthesizer application will play back 
    at the wrong pitch. Consult the documentation of the syn-
    thesizer application for details.
    ASIO drivers
    ReWire works well with ASIO drivers. By using the Nuendo 
    bus system you can route sounds from the synthesizer 
    application to various outputs on an ASIO compatible audio 
    card.
    !This feature is only available with ReWire2-compati-
    ble applications. 
    						
    							487
    File handling
    Working with Projects
    New Project
    The New Project command on the File menu allows you to 
    create a new project, either empty or based on a template:
    1.Select New Project from the File menu.
    By default, this list is empty. How to create templates is described in the 
    section (see “Save as Template” on page 488).
    2.Select “Empty”.
    A file dialog opens, allowing you to specify a folder for the new project.
    3.Select an existing project folder or click on Create and 
    enter a name for a new one in the dialog that opens.
    A new, untitled project is created.
    Open
    The Open command on the File menu is used for opening 
    saved project files. Project files created with Nuendo (file 
    extension “.npr”), Cubase (file extension “.cpr”) and Se-
    quel (extension “.steinberg-project”) can be opened. Note 
    that program-specific settings which cannot be applied in 
    Nuendo will be ignored.
    1.Select Open… from the File menu.
    A file dialog opens, allowing you to select a project.
    2.Click Open.
    The project opens in the Project window.
    Several projects can be open at the same time.
    This is extremely useful, if you want to copy parts or entire sections from 
    one project to another.
    3.If a project is already opened, opening another project 
    brings up a warning.
    Click “No” to open the other project inactive.
    This significantly reduces load times, especially for large projects. 
    Click “Activate” to open and activate the new project.
    The active project is indicated by the blue Activate button in the upper 
    left corner of the Project window. To make another project active, simply 
    click its Activate button.
    An active project.
    You can also open project files by selecting an entry 
    from the “Recent Projects” submenu on the File menu.
    This submenu lists the projects you have recently worked with, with the 
    most recent one at the top of the list.
    Projects can also automatically be opened when you 
    launch Nuendo (see “Startup Options” on page 489).
    You can drag projects from the MediaBay into the Nu-
    endo application window (not into an existing Project win-
    dow) to open them.
    About the “Pending Connections” dialogs
    If you open a Nuendo project created on another setup 
    (other audio hardware), the program tries to find matching 
    audio inputs and outputs for the i/o busses (this is one of 
    the reasons why you should use descriptive, generic names 
    for your input and output ports – see “Preparations” on 
    page 12).
    If the program cannot resolve all audio/MIDI inputs and 
    outputs used in the project, a Pending Connections dialog 
    will open. This will allow you to manually re-route any ports 
    specified in the project to ports available in your system.
    Close
    The Close command on the File menu closes the active 
    window. If a Project window is active, selecting Close will 
    close the corresponding project.
    If the project contains unsaved changes, you will be 
    asked whether you want to save the project before closing 
    it.
    If you select “Don’t Save” and have recorded or created new audio files 
    since saving, you get the choice to delete or keep these. 
    						
    							488
    File handling
    Save and Save As
    The commands Save and Save As allow you to save the 
    active project as a project file (file extension “.npr”). The 
    Save command stores the project under its current name 
    and location, while Save As allows you to rename and/or 
    relocate the file. If a project has not been saved yet or if it 
    hasn’t been changed since it was last saved, only Save As 
    will be available.
    A word about file extensions
    Under Windows, file types are indicated by three letter file 
    name extensions (such as *.npr for Nuendo project files). 
    Under Mac OS X, it is not necessary to use file name ex-
    tensions, since the file types are stored internally in the 
    files. However, if you want your Nuendo projects to be 
    compatible with both platforms, you should make sure the 
    option “Use File Extension in File Dialog” is activated in 
    the Preferences (General page). When this is activated 
    (default), the proper file name extension is automatically 
    added when you save a file.
    Save New Version
    This function is only available as a key command, by de-
    fault [Ctrl]/[Command]+[Alt]/[Option]+[S]. When you use 
    this function, a new version of the project will be saved. 
    The new file will get the same name as the original project, 
    but with an incremental number attached. For example, if 
    your project is called “My Project”, you will get new versions 
    called “My Project-01”, “My Project-02”, and so on.
    Save New Version is useful if you are experimenting with 
    edits and arrangements and want to be able to go back to 
    a previous version at any time. The newest versions are al-
    ways listed on the Recent Projects submenu on the File 
    menu for instant access.
    Save as Template
    This function allows you to save the current project as a 
    template. When you create a new project, the available 
    templates will be listed, allowing you to base the new 
    project on a template.
    Proceed as follows:
    1.Set up a project.
    2.Select “Save As Template…” from the File menu and 
    save the project template under the desired name.
    Templates can contain clips and events just like regular 
    projects.
    If this is not what you want, make sure to remove all clips from the Pool 
    before you save the project as template.
    Templates are always stored in the Templates folder. 
    On a Windows system, it is located at \Documents and 
    Settings\\Application data\Steinberg\Nu-
    endo 4	emplates. On a Mac system, it is located inside 
    Users//Library/Preferences/Nuendo 4.
    Setting up a default template
    If you always want the same default project to open when 
    you launch Nuendo, you can save a default template. Pro-
    ceed as follows:
    1.Set up a project.
    2.Select “Save As Template…” from the File menu and 
    save the project template with the name “default”. 
    3.Open the Preferences dialog and select the General 
    page.
    4.Open the “On Startup” pop-up and select “Open ’De-
    fault’ Template”.
    The next time you launch Nuendo, the default template will 
    automatically be opened. For details on the other Startup 
    options, see “Startup Options” on page 489.
    !Generally, we recommend that you save project files 
    in their project folders, to keep the projects as 
    manageable as possible. 
    						
    							489
    File handling
    Save Project to New Folder
    This function is very useful if you want to move or archive 
    your project. 
    1.Select “Save Project to New Folder”. 
    A file dialog opens in which you can choose an existing, empty folder or 
    create a new folder to save the project.
    2.Click OK to confirm your choice.
    The “Save to Folder Options” dialog opens with the following options:
    3.Make the desired settings.
    4.Click OK. 
    The project is saved in the new folder. The original project is not affected. 
    However, now you could e. g. delete the original project without losing 
    your project data.
    Startup Options
    Auto Save
    If you activate the Auto Save option in the Preferences 
    (General page), Nuendo will automatically save backup 
    copies of all open projects with unsaved changes.
    Backup copies of projects are named “-
    xx.bak”, where xx is an incremental number. Unsaved 
    projects are backed up in a similar way as “UntitledX-
    xx.bak”, with X being the incremental number for unsaved 
    projects. All backup files are saved in the project folder. 
    Use the “Auto Save Interval” setting to specify the time 
    intervals in which a backup copy will be created.
    Use the “Maximum Backup Files” option to specify how 
    many backup files will be created with the Auto Save func-
    tion.
    When the maximum number of backup files is reached, the existing files 
    will be overwritten (starting with the oldest file). 
    On Startup
    The “On Startup” pop-up menu in the Preferences (Gen-
    eral page) allows you to specify what should happen each 
    time you launch Nuendo. 
    Option Description
    Project Name Enter a project name if you want to change it from the de-
    fault (the current name of the project).
    Minimize Audio 
    FilesIf this is activated, only the audio file portions that are ac-
    tually used in the project will be included. This can signi-
    ficantly reduce the size of the project folder (if you are 
    using small sections of large files), but it also means you 
    cannot use other portions of the audio files if you con-
    tinue working with the project in its new folder.
    Freeze Edits This will perform a Freeze Edits operation, making all pro-
    cessing and applied effects permanent to each clip in the 
    Pool, see “Freeze Edits” on page 253.
    Remove 
    Unused FilesWhen this is activated, only files in the Pool that are actu-
    ally used in the project will be stored in the new folder. 
    						
    							490
    File handling
    The following options are available:
    Nuendo Open Document Options Dialog
    This dialog will open in two cases:
    If you launch Nuendo with the option “Show Open Op-
    tions Dialog” selected on the “On Startup” pop-up menu 
    in the Preferences (General page).
    If you hold down [Ctrl]/[Command] while launching Nu-
    endo.
    The Open Document Options Dialog.
    The dialog lists your recently used projects.
    To open a project, select it and click the “Open Selec-
    tion” button. 
    To open another project not listed here, click the “Open 
    Other…” button. 
    A file dialog opens that allows you to look for the desired file on your disk. 
    To create a new project, click the “New Project” button.
    Working with libraries
    A library is a stand-alone Pool that is not associated with a 
    project file (for more information about Pools, see “The 
    Pool” on page 296). You can use libraries to store sound 
    effects, loops, video clips, etc., and transfer media from a 
    library into a project by using drag and drop. The following 
    library functions are available on the File menu:
    New Library
    Creates a new library. Just as when creating new projects, 
    you will be asked to specify a project folder for the new li-
    brary (in which media files will be stored). The library will 
    show up as a separate Pool window in Nuendo. 
    Open Library
    Opens a file dialog for opening a saved library file.
    Save Library
    Opens a file dialog for saving the library file (file extension 
    “.npl”).
    Revert
    If you select “Revert” from the File menu, you will be asked 
    whether you really want to revert to the last saved version 
    of the project. If you click “Revert”, all changes you have 
    made since saving will be discarded.
    If you have recorded or created new audio files since sav-
    ing, you will be asked whether you want to delete or keep 
    these.
    Option Description
    Do Nothing Nuendo launches without opening a project.
    Open Last 
    ProjectThe last saved project is opened on launch.
    Open ’Default’ 
    TemplateThe default template is opened, see “Setting up a default 
    template” on page 488.
    Show Open 
    DialogThe Open dialog opens on launch, allowing you to manu-
    ally locate and open the desired project.
    Show Template 
    DialogThe Template dialog opens on launch, allowing you to 
    create a new project from one of the templates.
    Show Open 
    Options DialogThe Open Document Options dialog opens on launch, 
    see below. It allows you to make a different choice each 
    time you launch Nuendo. 
    						
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