Multitech Multivoip 100 Model Mvp120 Voice/fax Over Ip Networks User Guide

							81 Appendix A - TCP/IP Description
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User GuideUDP, described in RFC 768 (ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc768.txt) provides an end-to-end datagram
(connectionless) service. Some applications, such as those that involve a simple query and
response, are better suited to the datagram service of UDP because there is no time lost to
virtual circuit establishment and termination. UDP’s primary function is to add a port number to
the IP address to provide a socket for the application.
The Application Layer protocols are examples of common TCP/IP applications and utilities, which
include:
Telnet (Telecommunication Network): a virtual terminal protocol allowing a user logged on to
one TCP/IP host to access other hosts on the network, described in RFC 854 ( ftp://
ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc854.txt).
FTP: the File Transfer Protocol allows a user to transfer files between local and remote host
computers per IETF RFC 959 ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc959.txt).
Archie: a utility that allows a user to search all registered anonymous FTP sites for files on a
specified topic.
Gopher: a tool that allows users to search through data repositories using a menu-driven,
hierarchical interface, with links to other sites, per RFC 1436 ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/
rfc1436.txt).
SMTP: the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the standard protocol for the exchange of
electronic mail over the Internet, per IETF RFC 821 ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc821.txt).
HTTP: the Hypertext Transfer Protocol is the basis for exchange of information over the
World Wide Web (WWW). Various versions of HTTP are in use over the Internet, with HTTP
version 1.0 (per RFC 1945) ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1945.txt) being the most current.
HTML: WWW pages are written in the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), an ASCII-based,
platform-independent formatting language, per IETF RFC 1866 ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/
rfc1866.txt).
Finger: used to determine the status of other hosts and/or users, per IETF RFC 1288 ( ftp://
ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1288.txt).
POP: the Post Office Protocol defines a simple interface between a user’s mail reader
software and an electronic mail server; the current version is POP3, described in IETF RFC
1460 ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1460.txt).
DNS: the Domain Name System defines the structure of Internet names and their association
with IP addresses, as well as the association of mail, name, and other servers with domains.
SNMP: the Simple Network Management Protocol defines procedures and management
information databases for managing TCP/IP-based network devices. SNMP, defined by RFC
1157 ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1157.txt) is widely deployed in local and wide area network.
SNMP Version 2 (SNMPv2), per RFC 1441< ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1441.txt) adds security
mechanisms that are missing in SNMP, but is also more complex.
Ping: a utility that allows a user at one system to determine the status of other hosts and the
latency in getting a message to that host. Ping uses ICMP Echo messages.
Whois/NICNAME: Utilities that search databases for information about Internet domain and
domain contact information, per RFC 954 ( ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc954.txt).
Traceroute: a tool that displays the route that packets will take when traveling to a remote
host. 
						

							82 Appendix A - TCP/IP Description
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User Guide
Internet Protocol (IP)
IP is the Internet standard protocol that tracks Internetwork node addresses, routes outgoing
messages and recognizes incoming messages, allowing a message to cross multiple networks on
the way to its final destination. The IPv6 Control Protocol (IPV6CP) is responsible for configuring,
enabling, and disabling the IPv6 protocol modules on both ends of the point-to-point link. IPV6CP
uses the same packet exchange mechanism as the Link Control Protocol (LCP). IPV6CP packets are
not exchanged until PPP has reached the Network-Layer Protocol phase. IPV6CP packets received
before this phase is reached are silently discarded. (See also TCP/IP.)
Before you install TCP/IP on your network, you need to establish your Internet addressing strategy.
You first choose a domain name for your company. A domain name is the unique Internet name,
usually the name of your business, that identifies your company. For example, Multi-Tech’s domain
name is multitech.com (where .com indicates this is a commercial organization; .edu denotes
educational organizations, .gov denotes government organizations). Next, you determine how many
IP addresses you’ll need. This depends on how many individual network segments you have, and
how many systems on each segment need to be connected to the Internet. You need an IP address
for each network interface on each computer and hardware device.
IP addresses are 32 bits long and come in two types: network and host. Network addresses come in
five classes: A, B, C, D, and E. Each class of network address is allocated a certain number of host
addresses. For example, a class B network can have a maximum of 65,534 hosts, while a class C
network can have only 254. The class A and B addresses have been exhausted, and the class D and
E addresses are reserved for special use. Consequently, companies now seeking an Internet
connection are limited to class C addresses. The current demand for Internet connections will
exhaust the current stock of 32-bit IP addresses. In response, Internet architects have proposed the
next generation of IP addresses, Ipng (IP Next Generation). It features 16-byte addressing,
surpassing the capacities of 32-bit IP.
An IP address can serve only a single physical network. Therefore, if your organization has multiple
physical networks, you must make them appear as one to external users. This is done via
“subnetting”, a complex procedure best left to ISPs and others experienced in IP addressing. Since
IP addresses and domain names have no inherent connection, they are mapped together in
databases stored on Domain Name Servers (DNS). If you decide to let an Internet Service Provider
(ISP) administer your DNS server, the ISP can assist you with the domain name and IP address
assignment necessary to configure your company’s site-specific system information. Domain names
and IP addresses are granted by the InterNIC. To check the availability of a specific name or to obtain
more information, call the InterNIC at (703)742-4777. 
						

							83 Appendix B - Cabling Diagrams
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User Guide
Appendix B - Cabling Diagrams
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							84 Appendix B - Cabling Diagrams
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User Guide
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							85 Appendix C - Regulatory Information
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User Guide
Appendix C - Regulatory Information
Class A Statement
FCC Part 15
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial
environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not
installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful
interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own
expense.
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules.
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference.
(2) This device must accept any interference that may cause undesired operation.
Warning: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible
for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Industry Canada
This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing
Equipment Regulations.
Cet appareil numerique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du Reglement sur le materiel
brouilleur du Canada.
Fax Branding Statement
The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 makes it unlawful for any person to use a
computer or other electronic device, including fax machines, to send any message unless such
message clearly contains the following information:
Date and time the message is sent
Identification of the business or other entity, or other individual sending the message
Phone number of the sending machine or such business, other entity, or individual
This information is to appear in a margin at the top or bottom of each transmitted page or on the
first page of the transmission. (Adding this information in the margin is referred to as fax
branding.)
Since any number of Fax software packages can be used with this product, the user must refer to
the Fax software manual for setup details. Typically, the Fax branding information must be entered
via the configuration menu of the software. 
						

							86 Appendix C - Regulatory Information
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User Guide
FCC Part 68 Telecom
1. This equipment complies with Part 68 of the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) rules. On the outside surface of this equipment is a label that contains, among
other information, the FCC registration number and ringer equivalence number (REN). If
requested, this information must be provided to the telephone company.
2. As indicated below, the suitable jack (Universal Service Order Code connecting
arrangement) for this equipment is shown. If applicable, the facility interface codes (FIC)
and service order codes (SOC) are shown.  An FCC-compliant telephone cord and
modular plug is provided with this equipment. This equipment is designed to be
connected to the telephone network or premises wiring using a compatible modular jack
which is Part 68 compliant. See installation instructions for details.
3. The ringer equivalence number (REN) is used to determine the number of devices which
may be connected to the telephone line. Excessive REN’s on the telephone line may
result in the devices not ringing in response to an incoming call. In most, but not all
areas, the sum of the REN’s should not exceed five (5.0). To be certain of the number of
devices that may be connected to the line, as determined by the total REN’s, contact the
telephone company to determine the maximum REN for the calling area.
4. If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will
notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required. But if
advance notice isn’t practical, the telephone company will notify the customer as soon as
possible. Also, you will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC if you
believe it is necessary.
5. The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or
procedures that could affect the operation of the equipment. If this happens, the
telephone company will provide advance notice in order for you to make necessary
modifications in order to maintain uninterrupted service.
6. If trouble is experienced with this equipment (the model of which is indicated below)
please contact Multi-Tech Systems, Inc., at the address shown below for details of how
to have repairs made. If the equipment is causing harm to the telephone network, the
telephone company may request that you remove the equipment from the network until
the problem is resolved.
7. No repairs are to be made by you. Repairs are to be made only by Multi-Tech Systems or
its licensees. Unauthorized repairs void registration and warranty.
8. This equipment cannot be used on public coin service provided by the telephone
company. Connection to Party Line Service is subject to state tariffs. (Contact the state
public utility commission, public service commission or corporation commission for
information.)
9. If so required, this equipment is hearing-aid compatible.
Manufacturer: Multi-Tech Systems, Inc.
Trade name: MultiVOIP
Model Numbers: MVP120
FCC Registration Number: AU7USA-25715-DF-N
Modular Jack (USOC): RJ-11C or RJ-11W
Service Center in U.S.A.: Multi-Tech Systems Inc.
2205 Woodale Drive
Mounds View, MN 55112
(763) 785-3500 Fax (763) 785-9874 
						

							87 Appendix C - Regulatory Information
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User Guide
Canadian Limitations Notice
Ringer Equivalence Number
Notice: The ringer equivalence number (REN) assigned to each terminal device provides an
indication of the maximum number of terminals allowed to be connected to a phone interface.
The termination on an interface may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the
requirement that the sum of the ringer equivalence numbers of all the devices does not exceed 5.
Notice: The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the
equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective, operational and safety
requirements. The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user’s
satisfaction.
Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the
facilities of the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using
an acceptable method of connection. The customer should be aware that compliance with the
above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations. Repairs to certified
equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the
supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment
malfunctions, may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect
the equipment.
Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power
utility, phone lines and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together.
This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas.
Caution: Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the
appropriate electric inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.
EMC, Safety and Terminal Directive Compliance
The CE mark is affixed to this product to confirm compliance with the following European
Community Directives:
Council Directive 89/336/EEC of 3 May 1989 on the approximation of the laws of Member States
relating to electromagnetic compatibility.
and
Council Directive 73/23/EEC of 19 February 1973 on the harmonization of the laws of Member
States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits:
and
Council Directive 98/13/EC of 12 March 1998 on the approximation of the laws of Member States
concerning telecommunications terminal and Satellite earth station equipment. 
						

							


	


Glossary 
						

							89 Glossary
Multi-Tech Systems, Inc. MultiVOIP User Guide
Glossary
A
Access:   The T1 line element made up of two pairs of wire that the phone company brings to the customer premises. The Access
portion ends with a connection at the local telco (LEC or RBOC).
Accunet Spectrum of Digital Services (ASDS):   The AT&T 56K bps leased (private) line service. Similar to services of MCI and
Sprint. ASDS is available in 
nx56/64K bps, where n=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12.
ACK (ACKnowledgement code) (pronounced ack):  A communications code sent from a receiving modem to a transmitting
modem to indicate that it is ready to accept data. It is also used to acknowledge the error-free receipt of transmitted data. Contrast
with NAK.
Adaptive Differential Pulse Code (ADCPM): In multimedia applications, a technique in which pulse code modulation samples are
compressed before they are stored on a disk. ADCPM, an extension of the PCM format, is a standard encoding format for storing
audio information in a digital format. It reduced storage requirements by storing differences between successive digital samples
rather than full values.
Address:  A numbered location inside a computer. Its how the computer accesses its resources, like a video card, serial ports,
memory, etc.
AMI line coding:   One of two common methods of T1 line coding (with B8ZS). AMI line coding places restrictions on user data
(B8ZS does not).
Analog signal:    A waveform which has amplitude, frequency and phase, and which takes on a range of values between its
maximum and minimum points.
Analog Transmission:  One of two types of telecommunications which uses an analog signal as a carrier of voice, data, video, etc.
An analog signal becomes a carrier when it is modulated by altering its phase, amplitude and frequency to correspond with the
source signal. Compare with digital transmission.
Application Program Interface (API):  A software module created to allow dissimilar, or incompatible applications programs to
transfer information over a communications link. APIs may be simple or complex; they are commonly required to link PC applica-
tions with mainframe programs.
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) (pronounced askey):  A binary code for data that is used in
communications and in many computers and terminals. The code is used to represent numbers, letters, punctuation and control
characters. The basic ASCII code is a 7-bit character set which defines 128 possible characters. The extended ASCII file provides
255 characters.
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM):  A very high-spped method of transmission that uses fixed-size cells of 53 bytes to transfer
information over fiber; also known as cell relay.
AT Commands:  A standard set of commands used to configure various modem parameters, establish connections and discon-
nect. The AT is used to get the attention of the modem before the actual command is issued.
Availability:   The measure of the time during which a circuit  is ready for use; the complement of circuit outage (100% minus %
outage = % available).
B
B7ZS (Bipolar 7 Zero Suppression) line coding:  One method of T1 line coding (see also B8ZS and AMI). B7ZS  line coding
does not place restrictions on user data  (AMI does).
B8ZS (Bipolar 8 Zero Suppression) line coding:  One of two common methods of T1 line coding (with AMI). B8ZS  line coding
does not place restrictions on user data  (AMI does). A coding method used to produce 64K bps clear transmission. (See also
B7ZS and AMI  line coding)
Backbone:  1. A set of nodes and their interconnecting links providing the primary data path across a network. 2. In a local area
network multiple-bridge ring configuration, a high-speed link to which the rings are connected by means of bridges. A backbone
may be configured as a bus or as a ring. 3. In a wide area network, a high-speed link to which nodes or data switching exchanges
(DSEs) are connected. 4. A common distribution core that provides all electrical power, gases, chemicals, and other services to the
sectors of an automated wager processing system.
Background:  An activity that takes place in the PC while you are running another application. In other words, the active user
interface does not correspond to the background task.
Bandwidth:  The transmission capacity of a computer channel, communications line or bus. It is expressed in cycles per second
(hertz), the bandwidth being the difference between the lowest and highest frequencies transmitted. The range of usable frequen-
cies that a transmission medium will pass without unacceptable attenuation or distortion. Bandwidth is a factor in determining the
amount of information and the speed at which a medium can transmit data or other information. 
						

							90 Glossary
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Backward Explicit Congestion Notification (BECN):  A bit that tells you that a certain frame on a particular logical connection
has encountered heavy traffic. The bit provides notification that congestion-avoidance procedures should be initiated in the opposite
direction of the received frame. See also FECN (Forward Explicit Congestion Notification).
Basic Rate Interface (BRI):  An ISDN access interface type comprised of two B-channels each at 64K bps and one D-channel at
64K bps (2B+D).
Bell Operating Companies (BOC): The family of corporations created during the divestiture of AT&T. BOCs are independent
companies which service a specific region of the US. Also called Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs).
Bell Pub 41450:  The Bell publication defining requirements for data format conversion, line conditioning, and termination for direct
DDS connection.
Bell Pub 62310:  The Bell publication defining requirements for data format conversion, line conditioning, and termination for direct
DDS connection.
Binary Synchronous Communication (BSC):  A form of telecommunication line control that uses a standard set of transmission
control characters and control character sequences, for binary synchronous transmission of binary-coded data between stations.
Bit (Binary digIT):  A bit is the basis of the binary number system. It can take the value of  1 or 0. Bits are generally recognized as
the electrical charge generated or stored by a computer that represent some portion of usable information.
Bit Error Rate Test (BERT):A device or routine that measures the quality of data transmission. A known bit pattern is transmitted,
and the errors received are counted and a BER (bit error rate) is calculated. The BER is the ratio of received bits in error relative to
the total number of bits received, expressed in a power of 10.
Bit robbing:  The use of the least significant bit per channel in every sixth frame for signaling. The line signal bits  robbed from
the speech pat conveys sufficient pre-ISDN telephony signaling information with the remaining line signal bits  providing sufficient
line signaling bits for recreating the original sound. See robbed bit signaling.
Blue Alarm:  An error indication signal consisting of all 1s indicating disconnection or attached device failure. Contrast Red Alarm
and Yellow Alarm.
Bps (bits per second):  A unit to measure the speed at which data bits can be transmitted or received. Bps differs from baud when
more than one bit is represented by a single cycle of the carrier.
Bridges:  1. A functional unit that interconnects two local area networks that use the same logical link protocol but may use
different medium access control protocols. 2. A functional unit that interconnects multiple LANs (locally or remotely) that use the
same logical link control protocol but that can use different medium access control protocols. A bridge forwards a frame to another
bridge based on the medium access control (MAC) address. 3. In the connection of local loops, channels, or rings, the equipment
and techniques used to match circuits and to facilitate accurate data transmission.
Buffer:  A temporary storage register or Random Access Memory (RAM) used in all aspects of data communications which
prevents data from being lost due to differences in transmission speed. Keyboards, serial ports, muxes and printers are a few
examples of the devices that contain buffers.
Bus:  A common channel between hardware devices either internally between components in a computer, or externally between
stations in a communications network.
Byte:  The unit of information a computer can handle at one time. The most common understanding is that a byte consists of  8
binary digits (bits), because thats what computers  can handle. A byte holds the equivalent of a single character (such as the letter
A).
C
Call Setup Time:  The time to establish a circuit-switched call between two points. Includes dialing, wait time, and CO/long
distance service movement time.
Carrier Group Alarm (CGA):  A T1 service alarm generated by a channel bank when an OOF condition occurs for a predefined
length of time (usually 300mS to 2.5 seconds). The CGA causes the calls using a trunk to be dropped and for trunk conditioning to
be applied.
Carrier signal:  An analog signal with known frequency, amplitude and phase characteristics used as a transport facility for useful
information. By knowing the original characteristics, a receiver can interpret any changes as modulations, and thereby recover the
information.
CCITT (Consultative Committee for International Telephone and Telegraph):  An advisory committee created and controlled by
the United Nations and headquartered in Geneva  whose purpose is to develop and to publish recommendations for worldwide
standardization of telecommunications devices. CCITT has developed modem standards that are adapted primarily by PTT (post,
telephone and telegraph) organizations that operate telephone networks of countries outside of the U.S. See also ITU.
Central Office (CO):  The lowest, or most basic level of switching in the PSTN (public switched telephone network). A business
PABX or any residential phone connects to the PSTN at a central office.