Dell 1133n User Guide

							If  the entire  page  is light, the print  resolution setting  is too  low  or the
toner save mode is on.  Adjust  the print  resolution and  turn  the toner save
mode off.  See the help screen of the printer driver.
A  combination of faded or smeared  defects  may indicate that  the toner
cartridge needs cleaning (See 
Cleaning the inside).
The  surface of the LSU part inside  the machine may be dirty (See Cleaning
the inside).
Toner specks
The  paper may not meet specifications; for example, the paper may be too
moist  or rough  (See 
Print media specifications  ).
The  transfer roller  may be dirty.  Clean the inside  of your  machine.  Contact
a  service  representative.
The  paper path  may need  cleaning.  Contact  a  service  representative.
Dropouts
If  faded areas,  generally  rounded,  occur randomly on the page:
A  single  sheet of paper may be defective. Try reprinting the job.
The  moisture  content  of the paper is uneven  or the paper has  moist  spots
on its  surface.  Try a  different brand of paper (See 
Print media
specifications  ).
The  paper lot  is bad. The  manufacturing processes  can  cause some  areas
to  reject toner.  Try a  different kind or brand of paper.
Change the printer option and  try again.  Go to  Printing Preferences ,
click   Paper  tab, and  set  type to   Thick (See 
Opening  printing
preferences ).
If  these steps do not correct the problem, contact  a  service  representative.
White Spots
If  white spots appear on the page:
The  paper is too  rough  and  a  lot  of dirt from  a  paper falls  to  the inner
devices within  the machine,  so the transfer roller  may be dirty.  Clean the
inside  of your  machine (See 
Cleaning the inside ).
The  paper path  may need  cleaning (See Cleaning the inside).
Vertical  lines
If  black  vertical  streaks appear on the page:
The  surface (drum  part) of the toner cartridge inside  the machine has
probably been  scratched. Remove the toner cartridge and  install a  new
one  (See 
Replacing  the toner cartridge ).
If  white vertical  streaks appear on the page:
The  surface of the LSU part inside  the machine may be dirty (See Cleaning
the inside ).
Black  background
If  the amount  of background shading becomes  unacceptable:
Change to  a  lighter weight  paper (See Print media specifications  ).
Check the environmental conditions: very dry conditions  or a  high level of
humidity (higher than  80%  RH) can  increase  the amount  of background
shading.
Remove the old  toner cartridge and, install a  new one  (See Replacing  the
toner cartridge).
Toner smear
If  toner smears on the page:
Clean the inside  of the machine (See Cleaning the inside ).
Check the paper type and  quality (See Print media specifications  ).
Remove the toner cartridge and  then, install a  new one  (See Replacing  the
toner cartridge).
Vertical  repetitive  defects If  marks  repeatedly appear on the printed side  of the page  at even intervals:
 
						

							The  toner cartridge may be damaged.  If  you still have  the same  problem,
remove the toner cartridge and, install a  new one  (See 
Replacing  the toner
cartridge).
Parts of the machine may have  toner on them. If  the defects  occur on the
back  of the page, the problem will likely  correct itself after a  few  more
pages.
The  fusing assembly may be damaged.  Contact  a  service  representative.
Background  scatter
Background  scatter results  from  bits of toner randomly distributed on the
printed page.
The  paper may be too  damp.  Try printing with a  different batch  of paper.
Do not open packages  of paper until necessary  so that  the paper does  not
absorb too  much  moisture.
If  background scatter occurs on an envelope, change  the printing layout  to
avoid  printing over areas that  have  overlapping seams on the reverse
side. Printing  on seams can  cause problems.
If  background scatter covers  the entire  surface area of a  printed page,
adjust  the print  resolution through your  software application  or in
Printing Preferences  (See 
Opening  printing preferences ).
Misformed characters
If  characters are improperly formed and  producing hollow images, the
paper stock may be too  slick. Try different paper (See 
Print media
specifications  ).
If  characters are improperly formed and  producing a  wavy  effect,  the
scanner  unit  may need  service  (See 
Cleaning the scan  unit ).
Page  skew
Ensure  that  the paper is loaded properly.
Check the paper type and  quality (See Print media specifications  ).
Ensure  that  the guides  are not too  tight or too  loose  against the paper
stack.
Curl  or wave
Ensure  that  the paper is loaded properly.
Check the paper type and  quality.  Both high temperature  and  humidity
can  cause paper curl  (See 
Print media specifications  ).
Turn the stack of paper over in the tray. Also  try rotating the paper 180°
in the tray.
Wrinkles or creases
Ensure  that  the paper is loaded properly.
Check the paper type and  quality (See Print media specifications  ).
Turn the stack of paper over in the tray. Also  try rotating the paper 180°
in the tray.
Back of printouts  are dirty
Check for leaking  toner.  Clean the inside  of the machine (See Cleaning the
inside ).
Solid Color  or Black  pages
The  toner cartridge may not be installed  properly. Remove the cartridge
and  reinsert it.
The  toner cartridge may be defective. Remove the toner cartridge and
install a  new one  (See 
Replacing  the toner cartridge ).
The  machine may require repair. Contact  a  service  representative.
 
						

							Loose tonerClean the inside  of the machine (See Cleaning the inside).
Check the paper type and  quality (See Print media specifications  ).
Remove the toner cartridge and  then, install a  new one  (See Replacing  the
toner cartridge).
If  the problem persists, the machine may require repair. Contact  a  service
representative.
Character Voids
Character voids are white areas within  parts of characters that  should be solid
black:
If  you are using  transparencies, try another type of transparency.  Because
of the composition of transparencies, some  character voids are normal.
You  may be printing on the wrong  surface of the paper. Remove the paper
and  turn  it  around.
The  paper may not meet paper specifications (See Print media
specifications  ).
Horizontal  stripes
If  horizontally  aligned black  streaks or smears appear:
The  toner cartridge may be installed  improperly.  Remove the cartridge and
reinsert it.
The  toner cartridge may be defective. Remove the toner cartridge and
install a  new one  (See 
Replacing  the toner cartridge ).
If  the problem persists, the machine may require repair. Contact  a  service
representative.
Curl
If  the printed paper is curled or paper does  not feed into the machine:
Turn the stack of paper over in the tray. Also  try rotating the paper 180°
in the tray.
Change the printer option and  try again.  Go to  Printing Preferences ,
click   Paper  tab, and  set  type to   Thin (See 
Opening  printing preferences ).
An unknown image repetitively
appears on a  few  sheets  or loose
toner,  light  print, or
contamination occurs. Your  machine is probably being used at an altitude of 1,000 m (3,281  ft.) or
above.The high altitude may affect the print  quality,  such as loose  toner or light
imaging.  Change the correct altitude setting  to  your  machine (See 
Altitude
adjustment
).
Copying problems
Condition Suggested solution
Copies are too  light  or too  dark. Use  Darkness  in Copy  feature  to  lighten  or darken the backgrounds of
copies (See 
Changing the darkness ).
Smears, lines, marks, or spots
appear on copies.
If  the defects  are on the original, use  Darkness in Copy  feature  to
lighten  the background of your  copies (See 
Changing the darkness ).
If  there are no defects  on the original, clean the scan  unit  (See
Cleaning the scan  unit).
Copy  image is skewed.
Ensure  that  the original is face down  on the scanner  glass or face up  in
the document feeder.
Check that  the copy  paper is loaded correctly.
Blank copies print  out. Ensure  that  the original is face down  on the scanner  glass or face up  in the
document feeder.
Image rubs off the copy  easily.
Replace the paper in the tray  with paper from  a  new package.
In high humidity areas,  do not leave paper in the machine for extended
periods  of time.
Frequent copy  paper jams  occur.
Fan the stack of paper, then  turn  it  over in the tray. Replace the paper
in the tray  with a  fresh  supply. Check/adjust  the paper guides, if
necessary.
Ensure  that  the paper is the proper paper weight.
 
						

							Check for copy  paper or pieces of copy  paper remaining in the machine
after a  paper jam  has  been  cleared.
Toner cartridge produces fewer
copies than  expected before running
out of toner.
Your  originals may contain pictures,  solids,  or heavy  lines. For  example,
your  originals may be forms, newsletters, books, or other documents
that  use more  toner.
The  scanner  lid  may be left  open while  copies are being made.
Turn the machine off and  back  on.
Scanning problems
Condition Suggested solutions
The  scanner  does  not
work.
Make sure  that  you place  the original to  be scanned face down  on the scanner
glass, or face up  in the document feeder.
There may not be enough available  memory to  hold the document you want  to
scan. Try the  Prescan function to  see if that  works. Try lowering  the scan
resolution rate.
Check that  the machine cable  is connected properly.
Make sure  that  the machine cable  is not defective. Switch the cable  with a
known good cable. If  necessary, replace the cable.
Check that  the scanner  is configured correctly. Check scan  setting  in the
SmarThru  or the application  you want  to  use to  make  certain  that  the scanner
job is being sent to  the correct port (for  example, USB001).
The  unit  scans very slowly.
Check if the machine is printing received data. If  so, scan  the document after
the received data has  been  printed.
Graphics are scanned more  slowly  than  text.
Communication speed slows in scan  mode because  of the large  amount  of
memory required  to  analyze and  reproduce the scanned image.  Set  your
computer  to  the ECP  printer mode through BIOS setting. It will help to  increase
the speed. For  details about  how to  set  BIOS,  refer to  your  computer  user’s
guide.
Message appears on your
computer  screen:
Device can’t  be  set
to the H/W mode
you want.
Port is  being  used
by  another
program .
Port is  Disabled.
Scanner is  busy
receiving or  printing
data.  When the
current job is
completed., try
again.
Invalid handle.
Scanning has failed.
There may be a  copying or printing job in progress. Try your  job again when
that  job is finished.
The  selected port is currently being used. Restart your  computer  and  try again.
The  machine cable  may be improperly connected or the power may be off.
The  scanner  driver  is not installed  or the operating  environment  is not set  up
properly.
Ensure  that  the machine is properly  connected and  the power is on,  then  restart
your  computer.
The  USB  cable  may be improperly connected or the power may be off.
Dell Scan and Fax  Manager  Problem
Condition suggested solution
Dell Scan  and  Fax  Manager
does  not work. Check your  system  requirements. 
Dell Scan  and  Fax  Manager works in Windows
(See 
System  requirements ).
Common Windows problems
Condition Suggested solutions
“ File in Use ” message  appears
during installation. Exit all software applications. Remove all software from  the printer’s startup
group,  then  restart  Windows. Reinstall  the printer driver.
“ General  Protection Fault ”,Close  all other applications, reboot  Windows and  try printing again.
 
						

							“Exception OE ”, “Spool 32 ”, or
“ Illegal  Operation ” messages
appear.
“Fail  To Print”, “A printer timeout
error occurred” messages appear. These messages may appear during printing. Just  keep waiting until the
machine finishes printing. If  the message  appears in standby mode or after
printing has  been  completed, check  the connection  and/or  whether  an error
has  occurred.
Refer to  Microsoft Windows User’s Guide that  came  with your  computer  for further information  on Windows
error messages.
Common Linux problems
condition
Suggested solutions
The
machine
does  not
print.
Check if the printer driver  is installed  in your  system. Open  Unified Driver  Configurator  and  switch
to  the Printers  tab in Printers configuration  window  to  look at the list of available  machines.
Make sure  that  your  machine is displayed on the list. If  not, open  Add  new  printer wizard to
set  up  your  device.
Check if the machine is started.  Open  Printers configuration and  select your  machine on the
printers list. Look  at the description in the Selected printer  pane. If  its  status contains  Stopped
string, press  the Start  button. After that  normal  operation  of the machine should be restored.
The  “stopped” status might be activated  when  some  problems in printing occurred. For  instance,
this could be an attempt to  print  a  document when  the port is claimed  by a  scanning  application.
Ensure  the port is not busy. Since functional  components  of machine (printer and  scanner) share
the same  I/O interface (port), the situation of simultaneous access  of different user  applications
to  the same  port is possible. To avoid  possible conflicts, only  one  of them  at a  time is allowed to
gain control over the device. The  other user  will encounter “device busy” response. You  should
open ports configuration and  select the port assigned to  your  machine.  In the  Selected port
pane you can  see if the port is occupied by some  other application. If  this is the case,  you should
either  wait  for completion  of the current job or press  the  Release port  button, if you are sure
that  the present application  is not functioning properly.
Check if your  application  has  special print  option such as “-oraw”.  If  “-oraw” is specified in the
command  line  parameter,  then  remove it  to  print  properly. For  Gimp front-end, select “print”  ->
“Setup printer” and  edit command  line  parameter in the command  item.
The  CUPS (Common  Unix Printing  System) version distributed with SuSE Linux  9.2 (cups -1.1.21)
has  a  problem with IPP (Internet Printing  Protocol) printing. Use  the socket printing instead of IPP
or install a  later version of CUPS (cups -1.1.22  or higher).
The
machine
does  not
print
whole
pages,
and
output is
printed on
half  the
page. It is a  known problem that  occurs when  a  color  machine is used on version 8.51  or earlier  of
Ghostscript, 64 -bit Linux  OS,  and  has  been  reported to  bugs.ghostscript.com  as Ghostscript  Bug
688252.The  problem is solved in AFPL  Ghostscript  v. 8.52  or above. Download  the latest  version of
AFPL  Ghostscript  from  http://sourceforge.net/projects/ghostscript/ and  install it  to  solve  this problem.
I  cannot
scan  via
Gimp
Front-end. Check if Gimp Front-end  has  Xsane: Device dialog
.  on the Acquire menu.  If  not, you should install
Xsane plug-in for Gimp on the your  computer. You  can  find Xsane plug-in package for Gimp on Linux
distribution  CD or Gimp home page. For  the detailed information, refer to  the Help for Linux
distribution  CD or Gimp Front-end  application.
If  you wish to  use another kind of scan  application, refer to  application’s Help.
I
encounter
error
“Cannot
open port
device
file” when
printing a
document. Avoid  changing print  job parameters  (via  LPR  GUI, for example) while  a  print  job is in progress.
Known versions  of CUPS server break  the print  job whenever print  options are changed and  then  try
to  restart  the job from  the beginning.  Since 
Unified Linux  Driver locks  the port while  printing, the
abrupt termination of the driver  keeps  the port locked and  unavailable for subsequent  print  jobs. If
this situation occurs,  try to  release  the port by selecting   Release port in Port configuration  window.
The
machine
does  not
Ensure  your  machine is attached  to  your  computer, connected properly  via the USB  port, and  is
turned on.
 
						

							appear on
the
scanners
list.Ensure  the scanner  driver  for your  machine is installed  in your  system. Open Unified Linux  Driver
configurator, switch to  Scanners configuration ,  then  press  Drivers.  Make sure  that  driver  with
a  name corresponding  to  your  machines  name is listed  in the window.
Ensure  the port is not busy. Since functional  components  of machine (printer and  scanner) share
the same  I/O interface (port), the situation of simultaneous access  of different user  applications
to  the same  port is possible. To avoid  possible conflicts, only  one  of them  at a  time is allowed to
gain control over the device. The  other user  will encounter “device busy” response. This usually
happens when  starting a  scan  procedure. An appropriate message  box appears.
To identify the source of the problem, open the  Ports configuration and  select the port assigned
to  your  scanner, ports  symbol  /dev/mfp0 corresponds  to  LP:0 designation  displayed in the
scanners’ options,  /dev/mfp1 relates to  LP:1,  and  so on.  USB  ports start  at /dev/mfp4, so
scanner  on USB:0  relates to  /dev/mfp4 respectively  and  so forth sequentially. In the  Selected
port  pane, you can  see if the port is occupied by another application. If  this is the case,  you
should either  wait  for completion  of the current job or press  the  Release port  button, if you are
sure  that  the present port application  is not functioning properly.
The
machine
does  not
scan.
Ensure  a  document is loaded into the machine,  ensure your  machine is connected to  the
computer.
If  there is an I/O error while  scanning.
Refer to  Linux  User’s Guide that  came  with your  computer  for further information  on Linux  error messages.
Common Macintosh problems
condition Suggested solutions
The  machine does  not print  PDF  files  correctly.
Some  parts of graphics,  text,  or illustrations are
missing. Printing  the PDF  file as an image may enable the file to  print.
Turn on Print As Image
 from  the Acrobat  printing options.
It will take  longer to  print  when  you print  a  PDF  file as an
image.
The  document has  printed,  but the print  job has
not disappeared  from  the spooler in Mac OS X
10.3.2. Update your  Mac OS to  Mac OS X  10.3.3. or higher.
Some  letters are not displayed normally during
the cover page  printing. Mac OS cannot create the font during the cover page  printing.
The  English  alphabet  and  numbers are displayed normally on the
cover page.
When  printing a  document in Mac OS with
Acrobat

 Reader
 6.0

 or higher, colors print
incorrectly. Make

 sure  that  the resolution setting  in your  machine driver
matches the one  in Acrobat®  Reader®.
Refer to  Macintosh  User’s Guide that  came  with your  computer  for further information  on Macintosh  error
messages.
 
						

							Glossary
The  following glossary helps you get  familiar  with the product by understanding the terminologies commonly  used
with printing as well as mentioned in this user’s guide.
802.11 802.11 is a  set  of standards  for wireless  local  area network (WLAN) communication,  developed by the IEEE
LAN/MAN Standards  Committee  (IEEE  802).
802.11b/g 802.11b/g can  share  the same  hardware and  use the 2.4 GHz band.  802.11b supports  bandwidth up  to  11  Mbps;
802.11g up  to  54  Mbps. 802.11b/g devices may occasionally  suffer interference from  microwave ovens, cordless
telephones,  and  Bluetooth devices.
Access point Access  Point  or Wireless  Access  Point  (AP or WAP) is a  device that  connects  wireless  communication devices
together  on wireless  local  area networks  (WLAN), and  acts as a  central  transmitter and  receiver  of WLAN radio
signals.
ADF An Automatic Document Feeder (ADF)  is a  mechanism that  will automatically feed an original sheet of paper so
that  the machine can  scan  some  amount  of the paper at once.
AppleTalk AppleTalk is a  proprietary  suite  of protocols developed by Apple, Inc for computer  networking. It was  included  in
the original Macintosh  (1984) and  is now deprecated  by Apple in favor of TCP/IP networking.
BIT Depth A  computer  graphics term describing  the number of bits used to  represent the color  of a  single  pixel  in a
bitmapped image.  Higher color  depth gives  a  broader range of distinct colors. As the number of bits increases, the
number of possible colors becomes  impractically  large  for a  color  map. 1-bit color  is commonly  called as
monochrome or black  and  white.
BMP A  bitmapped graphics format  used internally  by the Microsoft Windows graphics subsystem (GDI), and  used
commonly  as a  simple  graphics file format  on that  platform.
BOOTP Bootstrap  Protocol. A  network protocol used by a  network client  to  obtain its  IP  address automatically.  This is
usually  done in the bootstrap process of computers or operating  systems running  on them. The  BOOTP servers
assign  the IP  address from  a  pool  of addresses  to  each  client. BOOTP enables  diskless  workstation computers to
obtain an IP  address prior  to  loading any advanced operating  system.
CCD Charge Coupled Device  (CCD) is a  hardware which enables  the scan  job.  CCD  Locking mechanism is also  used to
hold the CCD  module to  prevent  any damage  when  you move  the machine.
Collation Collation  is a  process of printing a  multiple-copy  job in sets. When  collation  is selected, the device prints an entire
set  before printing additional copies.
Control  Panel A  control panel is a  flat, typically vertical, area where control or monitoring  instruments are displayed.  They  are
typically found  in front of the machine.
 
						

							CoverageIt is the printing term used for a  toner usage measurement  on printing. For  example, 5% coverage means that  an
A4 sided paper has  about  5% image or text on it.  So, if the paper or original has  complicated  images  or lots of
text on it,  the coverage will be higher  and  at the same  time,  a  toner usage will be as much  as the coverage.
CSV Comma  Separated Values (CSV).  A  type of file format, CSV is used to  exchange data between  disparate
applications. The  file format, as it  is used in Microsoft Excel, has  become a  pseudo  standard  throughout the
industry, even among  non-Microsoft platforms.
DADF A  Duplex Automatic Document Feeder (DADF) is a  mechanism that  will automatically feed and  flip  over an original
sheet of paper so that  the machine can  scan  on both  sides of the paper.
Default The  value  or setting  that  is in effect when  taking a  printer out of its  box state, reset, or initialized.
DHCP A  Dynamic  Host  Configuration  Protocol (DHCP) is a  client -server networking  protocol.  A  DHCP server provides
configuration parameters  specific  to  the DHCP client  host requesting,  generally, information  required  by the client
host to  participate on an IP  network.  DHCP also  provides  a  mechanism for allocation of IP  addresses  to  client
hosts.
DIMM Dual  Inline Memory Module (DIMM), a  small circuit board that  holds memory.  DIMM stores all the data within  the
machine like printing data, received fax data.
DNS The  Domain  Name  Server (DNS)  is a  system  that  stores information  associated  with domain names in a
distributed database on networks, such as the Internet.
Dot Matrix Printer A  dot matrix  printer refers  to  a  type of computer  printer with a  print  head that  runs back  and  forth on the page
and  prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth  ribbon  against the paper, much  like a  typewriter.
DPI Dots Per Inch (DPI) is a  measurement  of resolution that  is used for scanning  and  printing. Generally, higher  DPI
results  in a  higher  resolution, more  visible detail  in the image,  and  a  larger  file size.
DRPD Distinctive Ring Pattern Detection. Distinctive Ring is a  telephone company service  which enables  a  user  to  use a
single  telephone line  to  answer  several  different telephone numbers.
Duplex A  mechanism that  will automatically flip  over a  sheet of paper so that  the machine can  print  (or scan) on both
sides of the paper. A  printer equipped  with a  Duplex can  print  double -sided of paper.
Duty Cycle Duty cycle  is the page  quantity which does  not affect printer performance  for a  month.  Generally  the printer has
the lifespan limitation  such as pages per year. The  lifespan means the average capacity of print -outs,  usually
within  the warranty period.  For  example, if the duty cycle  is 48,000 pages per month assuming  20  working days,
a  printer limits 2,400 pages a  day.
ECM Error  Correction  Mode  (ECM) is an optional  transmission mode built  into Class  1 fax machines  or fax modems. It
automatically detects and  corrects  errors  in the fax transmission process that  are sometimes caused by telephone
line  noise.
 
						

							EmulationEmulation  is a  technique of one  machine obtaining the same  results  as another.
An emulator  duplicates the functions of one  system  with a  different system, so that  the second  system  behaves
like the first system. Emulation  focuses on exact reproduction  of external  behavior, which is in contrast  to
simulation, which concerns an abstract model of the system  being simulated,  often considering its  internal state.
Ethernet Ethernet is a  frame -based computer  networking  technology for local  area networks  (LANs).  It defines  wiring and
signaling for the physical layer,  and  frame  formats and  protocols for the media access  control (MAC)/data link
layer of the OSI model.  Ethernet is mostly  standardized  as IEEE 802.3.  It has  become the most widespread LAN
technology in use.
EtherTalk A  suite  of protocols developed by Apple Computer for computer  networking. It was  included  in the original
Macintosh  (1984) and  is now deprecated  by Apple in favor of TCP/IP networking.
FDI Foreign Device  Interface (FDI)  is a  card  installed  inside  the machine to  allow a  third  party device such as a  coin
operated device or a  card  reader, enabling  the pay-for-print  service  on your  machine.
FTP A  File Transfer  Protocol (FTP) is a  commonly  used protocol for exchanging files  over any network that  supports  the
TCP/IP protocol (such  as the Internet  or an intranet).
Fuser  Unit The  part of a  laser  printer that  melts  the toner onto the print  media.  It consists of a  hot roller  and  a  back -up
roller. After toner is transferred  onto the paper, the fuser  unit  applies  heat and  pressure  to  ensure that  the toner
stays on the paper permanently, which is why paper is warm when  it  comes out of a  laser  printer.
Gateway A  connection  between  computer  networks, or between  a  computer  network and  a  telephone line. It is very
popular, as it  is a  computer  or a  network that  allows  access  to  another computer  or network.
Grayscale Shades of gray that  represent light  and  dark portions  of an image when  color  images  are converted to  grayscale;
colors are represented  by various shades of gray.
Halftone An image type that  simulates grayscale  by varying the number of dots.  Highly colored areas consist of a  large
number of dots,  while  lighter areas consist of a  smaller number of dots.
HDD Hard Disk Drive (HDD), commonly  referred to  as a  hard drive  or hard disk, is a  non-volatile  storage  device which
stores digitally -encoded  data on rapidly rotating platters with magnetic  surfaces.
IEEE The  Institute  of Electrical  and  Electronics Engineers  (IEEE) is an international  non-profit, professional organization
for the advancement  of technology related  to  electricity.
IEEE  1284 The  1284 parallel  port standard  was  developed by the Institute  of Electrical  and  Electronics Engineers  (IEEE).  The
term 1284 -B refers  to  a  specific  connector  type on the end  of the parallel  cable  that  attaches  to  the peripheral
(for  example, a  printer).
Intranet A  private  network that  uses  Internet  Protocols,  network connectivity, and  possibly the public  telecommunication
 
						

							system  to  securely share  part of an organizations information  or operations with its  employees. Sometimes the
term refers  only  to  the most visible service, the internal website.
IP  address An Internet  Protocol (IP)  address is a  unique number that  devices use in order  to  identify and  communicate with
each  other on a  network utilizing the Internet  Protocol standard.
IPM The  Images Per Minute (IPM)  is a  way  of measuring  the speed of a  printer. An IPM rate  indicates  the number of
single -sided sheets  a  printer can  complete  within  one  minute.
IPP The  Internet  Printing  Protocol (IPP) defines  a  standard  protocol for printing as well as managing print  jobs, media
size,  resolution, and  so forth.  IPP can  be used locally or over the Internet  to  hundreds  of printers,  and  also
supports  access  control, authentication, and  encryption, making  it  a  much  more  capable  and  secure printing
solution  than  older  ones.
IPX/SPX IPX/SPX stands for Internet  Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange.  It is a  networking  protocol used by the
Novell  NetWare  operating  systems. IPX and  SPX both  provide connection  services similar  to  TCP/IP,  with the IPX
protocol having  similarities to  IP, and  SPX having  similarities to  TCP.  IPX/SPX was  primarily designed for local  area
networks  (LANs),  and  is a  very efficient protocol for this purpose  (typically  its  performance  exceeds that  of TCP/IP
on a  LAN).
ISO The  International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international  standard -setting  body  composed of
representatives from  national  standards  bodies.  It produces world-wide industrial and  commercial  standards.
ITU-T The  International Telecommunication Union is an international  organization  established to  standardize and
regulate international  radio  and  telecommunications. Its  main tasks include standardization,  allocation of the radio
spectrum, and  organizing interconnection arrangements  between  different countries  to  allow international  phone
calls. A  -T  out of ITU -T  indicates  telecommunication.
ITU-T  No. 1 chart Standardized  test chart published by ITU -T  for document facsimile transmissions.
JBIG Joint  Bi-level Image Experts Group (JBIG) is an image compression standard  with no loss  of accuracy or quality,
which was  designed for compression of binary images, particularly for faxes,  but can  also  be used on other
images.
JPEG Joint  Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is a  most commonly  used standard  method of lossy  compression for
photographic images. It is the format  used for storing and  transmitting photographs on the World  Wide Web.
LDAP The  Lightweight Directory  Access  Protocol (LDAP)  is a  networking  protocol for querying and  modifying directory
services running  over TCP/IP.
LED A  Light-Emitting  Diode (LED) is a  semiconductor device that  indicates  the status of a  machine.
MAC  address Media  Access  Control (MAC) address is a  unique identifier  associated  with a  network adapter. MAC address is a
unique 48 -bit identifier  usually  written as 12  hexadecimal characters grouped in pairs  (e. g.,  00 -00 -0c-34 -11 -
4e). This address is usually  hard-coded into a  Network  Interface Card  (NIC)  by its  manufacturer, and  used as an
aid for routers  trying  to  locate machines  on large  networks.