Motorola Astro Digital Mobile Radio Xtl5000 Basic 6881096c73 O Manual

							6881096C73-OJune 11, 2003
Glossary-7
read-only memoryA type of computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. Once 
data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can 
only be read.
real-time clockA module that keeps track of elapsed time even when a computer is 
turned off.
receiverElectronic device that amplifies RF signals. A receiver separates the 
audio signal from the RF carrier, amplifies it, and converts it back to the 
original sound waves.
registersShort-term data-storage circuits within the microcontroller unit or 
programmable logic IC.
repeaterRemote transmit/receive facility that re-transmits received signals in 
order to improve communications range and coverage (conventional 
operation).
repeater/talkaroundA conventional radio feature that permits communication through a 
receive/transmit facility, which re-transmits received signals in order to 
improve communication range and coverage.
RESETReset line: an input to the microcontroller that restarts execution.
RFSee radio frequency.
RF PASee radio frequency power amplifier.
RIBSee Radio Interface Box.
ROMSee read-only memory.
RPCICRegulator/power control IC.
RPT/TASee repeater/talkaround.
RS232A common interface standard for data communications equipment.
RSSSee Radio Service Software.
RTCSee real-time clock.
RXReceive.
RX DATARecovered digital data line.
SAPSee Serial Audio CODEC Port.
Serial Audio CODEC 
PortSSI to and from the GCAP II IC CODEC used to transfer transmit and 
receive audio data.
Serial 
Communication 
Interface Input LineA full-duplex (receiver/transmitter) asynchronous serial interface.
Te r mDefinition 
						

							June 11, 20036881096C73-O
Glossary-8
Serial Input/Output 
ICAn integrated circuit that provides SB9600 serial and power-control 
functions.
SCI INSee Serial Communication Interface Input Line.
Serial Peripheral 
InterfaceHow the microcontroller communicates to modules and ICs through the 
CLOCK and DATA lines.
signalAn electrically transmitted electromagnetic wave.
Signal Qualifier 
modeAn operating mode in which the radio is muted, but still continues to 
analyze receive data to determine RX signal type.
SIO ICSee Serial Input/Output IC.
softpotSee software potentiometer.
softwareComputer programs, procedures, rules, documentation, and data 
pertaining to the operation of a system.
software 
potentiometerA computer-adjustable electronic attenuator.
spectrumFrequency range within which radiation has specific characteristics.
SPISee Serial Peripheral Interface.
squelchMuting of audio circuits when received signal levels fall below a pre-
determined value. With carrier squelch, all channel activity that exceeds 
the radio’s preset squelch level can be heard.
SRAMSee static RAM.
SRIBSmart Radio Interface Box. See RIB.
SSISee Synchronous Serial Interface.
Standby modeAn operating mode in which the radio is muted but still continues to 
monitor data.
static RAMA type of memory used for volatile, program/data memory that does not 
need to be refreshed.
Synchronous Serial 
InterfaceDSP interface to peripherals that consists of a clock signal line, a frame 
synchronization signal line, and a data line.
system central 
controllersMain control unit of the trunked dispatch system; handles ISW and 
OSW messages to and from subscriber units (See ISW and OSW).
system selectThe act of selecting the desired operating system with the system-select 
switch (also, the name given to this switch).
thin small-outline 
packageA type of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) package that is 
commonly used in memory applications.
Te r mDefinition 
						

							6881096C73-OJune 11, 2003
Glossary-9
time-out timerA timer that limits the length of a transmission.
TOTSee time-out timer.
transceiverTransmitter-receiver. A device that both transmits and receives analog 
or digital signals. Also abbreviated as XCVR.
transmitterElectronic equipment that generates and amplifies an RF carrier signal, 
modulates the signal, and then radiates it into space.
TSOPSee thin small-outline package.
TXTransmit.
UARTSee also Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter.
UHFUltra-High Frequency.
Universal 
Asynchronous 
Receiver TransmitterA microchip with programming that controls a computer’s interface to its 
attached serial devices.
Universal Serial BusAn external bus standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps.
USBSee Universal Serial Bus.
VCOSee voltage-controlled oscillator.
vector sum excited 
linear predictive 
codingNot used with XTL 5000. Replaced with the APCO 25 standard. See 
APCO 25.
VHFVery-High Frequency.
VIPVehicle Interface Port.
VOCONSee vocoder/controller.
vocoderAn electronic device for synthesizing speech by implementing a 
compression algorithm particular to voice. See also voice encoder.
vocoder/controllerA PC board that contains an ASTRO radio’s microcontroller, DSP, 
memory, audio and power functions, and interface support circuitry.
voice encoderThe DSP-based system for digitally processing analog signals, and 
includes the capabilities of performing voice compression algorithms or 
voice encoding. See also vocoder.
voltage-controlled 
oscillatorAn oscillator in which the frequency of oscillation can be varied by 
changing a control voltage.
VSELPSee vector sum excited linear predictive coding.
Te r mDefinition 
						

							June 11, 20036881096C73-O
Glossary-10
Notes 
						

							IndexIndex
Numerics
700-800 MHz radio specifications ..............................xxi
A
accessory connector, J2 ............................................9-1
advanced secure operation ....................................... 7-3
alignment procedures
power detector calibration ......................................6-8
reference oscillator ................................................ 6-6
tuner introduction ................................................... 6-1
Tx current limit ..................................................... 6-10
Tx deviation balance (compensation) .................. 6-12
Tx deviation limit .................................................. 6-14
Tx power characterization ......................................6-9
analog mode of operation .......................................... 3-6
annunciator, secure status ........................................ 7-1
ASTRO mode of operation ........................................ 3-6
audio PA Out bias ...................................................... 9-5
B
backlight LEDs, control head ..................................... 3-7
bit error rate (BER) test ........................................... 6-16
block diagram, functional ......................................... 10-2
C
cabling
connector naming schemes ................................. 10-7
control head connector pin arrangement ............. 10-6
control head diagram ........................................... 10-5
calibration, mic sensitivity ........................................ 6-18
chassis pad replacement ......................................... 8-30
codes
operational error .................................................... 9-7
power-up error .......................................................9-5
connector
control head pin arrangement .............................. 10-6
locations ............................................................... 10-4
naming schemes .................................................. 10-7
connectors, radio
locations ............................................................... 10-4
pin arrangements ................................................. 10-3
control head
backlight LEDs .......................................................3-7
board replacement ................................................. 8-2
cabling ................................................................. 10-5
connector pin arrangement .................................. 10-6
controls ..................................................................1-5
controls and indicators ........................................... 3-7
descriptions ............................................................ 1-2
ignition sense circuits ............................................. 3-8
status LEDs ........................................................... 3-7theory of operation ................................................ 3-6
controller section, radio ............................................. 3-2
controls, control head ......................................... 1-5, 3-7
copyrights
computer software .....................................................ii
document ...................................................................ii
D
dash-mount vehicle interface port ............................. 3-8
daughtercard module ................................................ 3-2
descriptions
control heads ......................................................... 1-2
radio ...................................................................... 1-1
disassembly/reassembly
introduction ............................................................ 8-1
radio
disassembly ....................................................... 8-8
reassembly ...................................................... 8-19
required tools and supplies ................................... 8-1
W3 control head board
disassembly ....................................................... 8-2
reassembly ........................................................ 8-3
W4, W5, W7 control head board
disassembly ....................................................... 8-4
reassembly ........................................................ 8-5
W4, W5, W7 remote back housing interface board
disassembly ....................................................... 8-7
reassembly ........................................................ 8-7
W9 control head board
disassembly ....................................................... 8-6
reassembly ........................................................ 8-6
disclaimer information ...................................................ii
displays, front-panel access test-mode ..................... 5-2
E
encryption
advanced secure operation ................................... 7-3
conventional multikey ............................................ 7-3
erasing
a single key ........................................................ 7-6
all keys ............................................................... 7-6
keys ................................................................... 7-3
key loading ............................................................ 7-2
multikey operation ................................................. 7-3
over-the-air rekeying .............................................. 7-7
secure
dispatch operation .............................................. 7-1
emergency operation ......................................... 7-2
interface boards ................................................. 7-1
status annunciator .............................................. 7-1
trunked multikey .................................................... 7-3
universal crypto module kits .................................. 7-1
environmental information .........................................B-1
erasing
all encryption keys ................................................. 7-6
encryption keys ..................................................... 7-3
single encryption key ............................................. 7-6
error message, W3 control-head ............................... 4-4 
						

							Index-ii
June 11, 20036881096C73-O
exploded view
interconnect board .............................................. 11-7
motorcycle
fuel-tank console installation .......................... 11-10
handlebar installation ....................................... 11-9
interconnect board ........................................... 11-7
microphone ..................................................... 11-11
radio enclosure .............................................. 11-12
remote-mount control head ............................. 11-8
speaker ........................................................... 11-11
universal mounting plate ................................ 11-13
W3 control head .................................................. 11-2
W5 control head .................................................. 11-4
W7 control head .................................................. 11-4
W9 control head .................................................. 11-5
XTL 5000 (3.5-35 W) ........................................... 11-6
F
fastener torque values ............................................ 8-32
field programming
dash-mounted radios ............................................ 4-3
equipment ............................................................. 4-3
remote-mounted radios ......................................... 4-4
W3 control-head error message ............................ 4-4
FLASH IC .................................................................. 3-3
FLASHport technology .............................................. 1-2
frequencies, test ....................................................... 5-3
frequency generation unit (FGU) theory of operation . 3-
11
front and rear connectors .......................................... 3-4
front-panel access test-mode displays ...................... 5-2
functional block diagram, XTL 5000 ........................ 10-2
H
handling precautions ................................................. 2-2
heatsinkong precautions, RF PA ............................... 2-2
I
I/O disclaimer ............................................................ 9-3
ignition sense circuits, control head .......................... 3-8
indicators, control head ............................................. 3-7
interconnect board
exploded view ..................................................... 11-7
replacement .......................................................... 8-7
J
J2 accessory connector ............................................ 9-1
K
key, erasing encryption ............................................. 7-3
key-variable loader (KVL) ......................................... 7-2
kits, universal crypto module (UCM) ......................... 7-1
L
loading encryption keys ............................................ 7-2
M
maintenance
cleaning
external plastic surfaces .................................... 2-1
general .............................................................. 2-1
internal circuit boards and components ............. 2-2
general radio care ................................................. 2-2
handling instructions ............................................. 2-2
inspection .............................................................. 2-1
preventive ............................................................. 2-1
manual
notations ............................................................... 1-1
revisions .................................................................... ii
mic sensitivity calibration ........................................ 6-18
microphone bias ....................................................... 9-4
microprocessor ......................................................... 3-3
mobile model chart .................................................... xix
mode
analog operation ................................................... 3-6
ASTRO operation .................................................. 3-6
control-head test ................................................... 5-4
performance checks test ....................................... 5-1
RF test .................................................................. 5-3
model chart
mobile .................................................................... xix
motorcycle .............................................................xviii
model numbering scheme ........................................ xvii
motorcycle
fuel-tank console installation exploded view ...... 11-10
handlebar installation exploded view ................... 11-9
interconnect board exploded view ....................... 11-7
interconnect board parts list .................................11-7
microphone exploded view ................................ 11-11
model chart ...........................................................xviii
radio enclosure exploded view ........................... 11-12
remote-mount control head exploded view .......... 11-8
remote-mount control head with speaker and 
microphone ................................................... 11-8
speaker exploded view ...................................... 11-11
universal mounting plate exploded view ............ 11-13
multikey operation
conventional .......................................................... 7-3
introduction ........................................................... 7-3
trunked .................................................................. 7-3
N
notations
manual .................................................................. 1-1
warning, caution, and danger ................................ 1-1
O
operation
advanced secure ................................................... 7-3
analog mode ......................................................... 3-6
ASTRO mode ........................................................ 3-6 
						

							Index-iii
6881096C73-OJune 11, 2003
control head .......................................................... 3-6
conventional multikey ............................................ 7-3
multikey ................................................................. 7-3
trunked multikey .................................................... 7-3
operational error codes ............................................. 9-7
ordering replacement parts ....................................... A-1
over-the-air rekeying ................................................. 7-7
overview, basic theory .............................................. 3-1
P
pad replacement, chassis ....................................... 8-30
parts list
large pushbuttons .............................................. 11-13
low- and mid-power interconnect board .............. 11-7
motorcycle
interconnect board ........................................... 11-7
microphone ..................................................... 11-11
remote-mount control head with speaker and 
microphone ............................................... 11-8
weather-resistant radio enclosure .................. 11-12
weather-resistant speaker .............................. 11-11
radio (3.5-35 W) .................................................. 11-6
small pushbuttons ............................................. 11-13
W3 control head .................................................. 11-2
W4 control head .................................................. 11-3
W5 control head .................................................. 11-4
W7 control head .................................................. 11-4
W9 control head .................................................. 11-5
parts, ordering replacement ...................................... A-1
performance checks
overview ................................................................ 5-1
receiver ................................................................. 5-5
signaling types ...................................................... 5-4
test
frequencies ........................................................ 5-3
mode .................................................................. 5-1
setup .................................................................. 5-1
transmitter ............................................................. 5-6
power detector calibration alignment ........................ 6-8
power-up error codes ................................................ 9-5
preventive maintenance, periodic ............................. 2-1
product safety information ............................................ ii
programming
dash-mounted radios ............................................ 4-3
equipment, field ..................................................... 4-3
remote-mounted radios ......................................... 4-4
W3 control-head error message ............................ 4-4
pushbuttons
large .................................................................. 11-13
small .................................................................. 11-13
R
radio
connectors
locations .......................................................... 10-4
pin arrangements ............................................. 10-3
descriptions ........................................................... 1-1
information screen ................................................. 6-3
programming
dash-mounted .................................................... 4-3
remote-mounted ................................................ 4-4specifications, 700-800 MHz .................................. xxi
upgrading with FLASHport .................................... 1-2
radio care and handling instructions, general ........... 2-2
receiver
Abacus III back-end ............................................ 3-10
front-end .............................................................. 3-10
IF circuitry ........................................................... 3-10
mixer ................................................................... 3-10
performance checks .............................................. 5-5
theory of operation .............................................. 3-10
troubleshooting ..................................................... 9-8
recycling information, radio ....................................... B-1
reference oscillator alignment ................................... 6-6
remote control-head board replacement .................. 8-7
remote-mount vehicle interface port ......................... 3-8
replacement parts, ordering ...................................... A-1
replacement, chassis pad ....................................... 8-30
replacing
control-head boards .............................................. 8-2
interconnect board ................................................ 8-7
remote control-head board .................................... 8-7
RF exposure compliance information ........................... ii
RF PA
circuit protection .................................................... 3-9
DC interconnect .................................................... 3-9
gain stages ............................................................ 3-9
heatsinking precautions ........................................ 2-2
power control ........................................................ 3-9
RF test mode ............................................................ 5-3
S
screen, tuner
main menu ............................................................ 6-2
radio information ................................................... 6-3
transmit current limit alignment ............................6-11
secure
dispatch operation ................................................. 7-1
emergency operation ............................................ 7-2
interface boards .................................................... 7-1
status annunciator ................................................. 7-1
secure operation, key-variable loader ...................... 7-2
service aids, recommended ...................................... 4-2
signaling types .......................................................... 5-4
specifications, 700-800 MHz radio ............................ xxi
SRAM IC ................................................................... 3-3
status LEDs, control head ........................................ 3-7
T
test
bit error rate (BER) .............................................. 6-16
equipment, recommended .................................... 4-1
frequencies ........................................................... 5-3
setup, performance checks ................................... 5-1
transmitter test pattern ........................................ 6-17
test mode
control-head .......................................................... 5-4
displays ................................................................. 5-2
performance checks .............................................. 5-1
RF ......................................................................... 5-3
theory of operation
analog mode ......................................................... 3-6 
						

							Index-iv
June 11, 20036881096C73-O
ASTRO mode ........................................................ 3-6
control head
backlight LEDs ................................................... 3-7
controls and indicators ....................................... 3-7
ignition sense circuits ......................................... 3-8
status LEDs ....................................................... 3-7
vacuum flourescent display driver ..................... 3-7
vacuum flourescent voltage source (W9) .......... 3-7
vehicle interface port
dash-mount .................................................... 3-8
remote-mount ................................................. 3-8
W4, W5, W7 ...................................................... 3-6
W9 ..................................................................... 3-7
controller section ................................................... 3-2
daughtercard module ............................................ 3-2
FLASH IC .......................................................... 3-3
microprocessor .................................................. 3-3
SRAM IC ............................................................ 3-3
frequency generation unit (FGU) ......................... 3-11
output network section components ...................... 3-9
overview ................................................................ 3-1
radio-frequency power amplifier
circuit protection ................................................ 3-9
components ....................................................... 3-9
DC interconnect ................................................. 3-9
gain stages ........................................................ 3-9
power control ..................................................... 3-9
receiver
Abacus III back-end ......................................... 3-10
component blocks ............................................ 3-10
front-end .......................................................... 3-10
IF circuitry ........................................................ 3-10
mixer ................................................................ 3-10
surrounding controller region
components ....................................................... 3-3
emergency ......................................................... 3-4
front and rear connectors .................................. 3-4
voltage regulation .............................................. 3-4
tools required, disassembly/reassembly ................... 8-1
tools, recommended ................................................. 4-2
torque values, fastener ........................................... 8-32
trademark information ................................................... ii
transmit current limit alignment screen ................... 6-11
transmitter
performance checks .............................................. 5-6
troubleshooting ...................................................... 9-7
transmitter test pattern test ..................................... 6-17
troubleshooting
audio PA Out bias .................................................. 9-5
I/O disclaimer ........................................................ 9-3
introduction ............................................................ 9-1
J2 accessory connector ........................................ 9-1
microphone bias .................................................... 9-4
operational error codes ......................................... 9-7
power-up error codes ............................................ 9-5
receiver ................................................................. 9-8
replacing boards .................................................... 9-5
transmitter ............................................................. 9-7
trunked multikey operation ........................................ 7-3
tuner
main menu screen ................................................. 6-2
radio alignment introduction .................................. 6-1
screen
main menu ......................................................... 6-2
radio information ................................................ 6-3transmit current limit alignment ........................ 6-11
Tx current limit alignment ....................................... 6-10
Tx deviation balance (compensation) alignment .... 6-12
Tx deviation limit alignment .................................... 6-14
Tx power characterization alignment ........................ 6-9
types of signaling ...................................................... 5-4
U
universal crypto module (UCM) kits .......................... 7-1
V
vacuum flourescent
display driver ......................................................... 3-7
voltage source (W9) .............................................. 3-7
vehicle interface port
dash-mount ........................................................... 3-8
remote-mount ........................................................ 3-8
view, exploded
interconnect board ............................................... 11-7
motorcycle
fuel-tank console installation ..........................11-10
handlebar installation .......................................11-9
interconnect board ............................................ 11-7
microphone ..................................................... 11-11
radio enclosure ............................................... 11-12
remote-mount control head .............................. 11-8
speaker ........................................................... 11-11
universal mounting plate ................................ 11-13
W3 control head ................................................... 11-2
W5 control head ................................................... 11-4
W7 control head ................................................... 11-4
W9 control head ................................................... 11-5
XTL 5000 (3.5-35 W) ........................................... 11-6
W
W3 control head exploded view ............................... 11-2
W5 control head exploded view ............................... 11-4
W7 control head exploded view ............................... 11-4
W9 control head expoded view ............................... 11-5
warning, caution, and danger notations .................... 1-1 
						

							68P81096C73-O
*6881096C73*
MOTOROLA, the Stylized M Logo, and ASTRO are registered
in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. All other product or
service names are the property of their respective owners.
© Motorola, Inc. 2003.
All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
Motorola, Inc.
8000 West Sunrise Boulevard
Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33322