Motorola Astro Digital Mobile Radio Xtl5000 Detailled 6881096c74 B Manual

							6881096C74-BMay 25, 2005
Glossary-5
microcontroller unitAlso written as µC. A microprocessor that contains RAM and ROM 
components, as well as communications and programming components 
and peripherals.
microprocessor coreThe central processing unit of the microprocessor and DSP IC and 
powered by a lower voltage supply than the logic I/O section.
MISOSee Master In Slave Out.
MOSISee Master Out Slave In.
multiplexerAn electronic device that combines several signals for transmission on 
some shared medium (e.g., a telephone wire).
MUXSee multiplexer.
NiCdNickel-cadmium.
NiMHNickel-metal-hydride.
OMPACSee over-molded pad-array carrier.
open architectureA controller configuration that utilizes a microprocessor with extended 
ROM, RAM, and EEPROM.
oscillatorAn electronic device that produces alternating electric current and 
commonly employs tuned circuits and amplifying components.
OSWSee outbound signaling word.
OTARSee over-the-air rekeying.
outbound signaling 
wordData transmitted on the control channel from the central controller to the 
subscriber unit.
over-molded pad-
array carrierA Motorola custom IC package, distinguished by the presence of solder 
balls on the bottom pads.
over-the-air rekeyingAllows the dispatcher to remotely reprogram the encryption keys in the 
radio.
PAPower amplifier.
pagingOne-way communication that alerts the receiver to retrieve a message.
Patriot ICA dual-core processor that contains an MCU and a DSP in one IC 
package.
PC BoardPrinted Circuit Board. Also referred to as a PCB.
phase-locked loopA circuit in which an oscillator is kept in phase with a reference, usually 
after passing through a frequency divider.
PLSee private-line tone squelch.
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							May 25, 20056881096C74-B
Glossary-6
PLLSee phase-locked loop.
private-line tone 
squelchA continuous sub-audible tone that is transmitted along with the carrier. 
See also DPL.
Programmable 
Read-Only MemoryA memory chip on which data can be written only once. Once data has 
been written onto a PROM, it remains there forever.
PROMSee Programmable Read-Only Memory.
PTTSee Push-to-Talk.
Push-to-TalkThe switch or button usually located on the left side of the radio which, 
when pressed, causes the radio to transmit. When the PTT is released, 
the unit returns to receive operation.
radio frequencyThe portion of the electromagnetic spectrum between audio sound and 
infrared light (approximately 10 kHz to 10 GHz).
radio frequency 
power amplifierAmplifier having one or more active devices to amplify radio signals.
Radio Interface BoxA service aid used to enable communications between a radio and the 
programming software.
Radio Service 
SoftwareDOS-based software containing the feature set of an ASTRO radio. See 
also CPS.
random access 
memoryA type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; that is, any 
byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes.
RAMSee random access memory.
read-only memoryA type of computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. Once 
data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can 
only be read.
real-time clockA module that keeps track of elapsed time even when a computer is 
turned off.
receiverElectronic device that amplifies RF signals. A receiver separates the 
audio signal from the RF carrier, amplifies it, and converts it back to the 
original sound waves.
registersShort-term data-storage circuits within the microcontroller unit or 
programmable logic IC.
repeaterRemote transmit/receive facility that re-transmits received signals in 
order to improve communications range and coverage (conventional 
operation).
repeater/talkaroundA conventional radio feature that permits communication through a 
receive/transmit facility, which re-transmits received signals in order to 
improve communication range and coverage.
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							6881096C74-BMay 25, 2005
Glossary-7
RESETReset line: an input to the microcontroller that restarts execution.
RFSee radio frequency.
RF PASee radio frequency power amplifier.
RIBSee Radio Interface Box.
ROMSee read-only memory.
RPCICRegulator/power control IC.
RPT/TASee repeater/talkaround.
RSSSee Radio Service Software.
RTCSee real-time clock.
RXReceive.
RX DATARecovered digital data line.
SAPSee Serial Audio CODEC Port.
Serial Audio CODEC 
PortSSI to and from the GCAP II IC CODEC used to transfer transmit and 
receive audio data.
Serial 
Communication 
Interface Input LineA full-duplex (receiver/transmitter) asynchronous serial interface.
SCI INSee Serial Communication Interface Input Line.
Serial Peripheral 
InterfaceHow the microcontroller communicates to modules and ICs through the 
CLOCK and DATA lines.
signalAn electrically transmitted electromagnetic wave.
Signal Qualifier 
modeAn operating mode in which the radio is muted, but still continues to 
analyze receive data to determine RX signal type.
softpotSee software potentiometer.
softwareComputer programs, procedures, rules, documentation, and data 
pertaining to the operation of a system.
software 
potentiometerA computer-adjustable electronic attenuator.
spectrumFrequency range within which radiation has specific characteristics.
SPISee Serial Peripheral Interface.
squelchMuting of audio circuits when received signal levels fall below a pre-
determined value. With carrier squelch, all channel activity that exceeds 
the radio’s preset squelch level can be heard.
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							May 25, 20056881096C74-B
Glossary-8
SRAMSee static RAM.
SRIBSmart Radio Interface Box. See RIB.
SSISee Synchronous Serial Interface.
Standby modeAn operating mode in which the radio is muted but still continues to 
monitor data.
static RAMA type of memory used for volatile, program/data memory that does not 
need to be refreshed.
Synchronous Serial 
InterfaceDSP interface to peripherals that consists of a clock signal line, a frame 
synchronization signal line, and a data line.
system central 
controllersMain control unit of the trunked dispatch system; handles ISW and 
OSW messages to and from subscriber units (See ISW and OSW).
system selectThe act of selecting the desired operating system with the system-select 
switch (also, the name given to this switch).
thin small-outline 
packageA type of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) package that is 
commonly used in memory applications.
time-out timerA timer that limits the length of a transmission.
TOTSee time-out timer.
transceiverTransmitter-receiver. A device that both transmits and receives analog 
or digital signals. Also abbreviated as XCVR.
transmitterElectronic equipment that generates and amplifies an RF carrier signal, 
modulates the signal, and then radiates it into space.
TSOPSee thin small-outline package.
TXTransmit.
UARTSee also Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter.
UCMUniversal Crypto Module.
UHFUltra-High Frequency.
Universal 
Asynchronous 
Receiver TransmitterA microchip with programming that controls a computers interface to its 
attached serial devices.
Universal Serial BusAn external bus standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps.
Urchin ICA programmable logic device configured to supply a 2.8 V, 48 kHz 
square wave at 2% duty cycle and a 2.8 V, 2.4 MHz square wave at 
50% duty cycle to the TX modulation DAC using a 16.8 MHz reference 
input.These clock signals are used by the DAC to convert the digital 
SSI audio into an analog modulation waveform.
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							6881096C74-BMay 25, 2005
Glossary-9
USBSee Universal Serial Bus.
VCOSee voltage-controlled oscillator.
vector sum excited 
linear predictive 
codingA voice-encoding technique used in ASTRO digital voice.
VHFVery-High Frequency.
VIPVehicle Interface Port.
VOCONSee vocoder/controller.
vocoderAn electronic device for synthesizing speech by implementing a 
compression algorithm particular to voice. See also voice encoder.
vocoder/controllerA PC board that contains an ASTRO radio’s microcontroller, DSP, 
memory, audio and power functions, and interface support circuitry.
voice encoderThe DSP-based system for digitally processing analog signals, and 
includes the capabilities of performing voice compression algorithms or 
voice encoding. See also vocoder.
voltage-controlled 
oscillatorAn oscillator in which the frequency of oscillation can be varied by 
changing a control voltage.
Te r mDefinition 
						

							May 25, 20056881096C74-B
Glossary-10
Notes 
						

							Index-i
6881096C74-BMay 25, 2005
IndexIndex
Numerics
1st local oscillator (LO)
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 3-49
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-52
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-57
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 3-61
2nd local oscillator (LO)
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 3-21
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-23
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-24
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 3-26
700-800 MHz radio specifications ............................. xlvii
A
ABACUS III IC
2nd LO, receiver back-end
136-174 MHz band  ........................................... 3-21
380-470 MHz band  ........................................... 3-23
450-520 MHz band  ........................................... 3-24
700-800 MHz band  ........................................... 3-26
receiver back-end
136-174 MHz band  ........................................... 3-20
380-470 MHz band  ........................................... 3-22
450-520 MHz band  ........................................... 3-23
700-800 MHz band  ........................................... 3-25
sampling clock oscillator, receiver back-end
136-174 MHz band  ........................................... 3-21
380-470 MHz band  ........................................... 3-23
450-520 MHz band  ........................................... 3-24
700-800 MHz band  ........................................... 3-26
amplifier, power, troubleshooting
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 4-34
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 4-35
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 4-35
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 4-35
analog mode of operation  ........................................ 2-12
antenna switch
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 3-29
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-34
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-39
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 3-43
assembly
control-head ........................................................... 2-2
RF board  ................................................................ 3-1
ASTRO mode of operation  ...................................... 2-13
attenuator
step (136-174 MHz band)  .................................... 3-14
switchable (380-470 MHz band) .......................... 3-16
switchable (450-520 MHz band) .......................... 3-18
B
B+ power routing, controller ..................................... 3-65
back-end receiver section
136-174 MHz band
ABACUS III IC  .................................................. 3-20
IF ...................................................................... 3-20overview ............................................................. 2-8
380-470 MHz band
ABACUS III IC  .................................................. 3-22
IF filter  .............................................................. 3-22
overview ............................................................. 2-9
theory of operation  ........................................... 3-21
450-520 MHz band
ABACUS III IC  .................................................. 3-23
IF filter  .............................................................. 3-23
theory of operation  ........................................... 3-23
700-800 MHz band
ABACUS III IC  .................................................. 3-25
IF filter  .............................................................. 3-25
overview ............................................................. 2-9
theory of operation  ........................................... 3-24
bias tables, standard  ............................................... 4-28
board layouts, listing  .................................................. 7-1
C
chart, model
mobile
700-800 MHz ....................................................... xlii
UHF Range 1  ......................................... xxxiv, xxxvi
UHF Range 2  ...................................................xxxix
VHF ........................................................... xxix, xxxi
motorcycle
700-800 MHz ........................................................ xli
UHF Range 1  .......................................... xxxii, xxxiii
UHF Range 2  ................................................. xxxviii
VHF .................................................................. xxviii
charts
troubleshooting
introduction ......................................................... 5-1
list ....................................................................... 5-1
circuit protection, transmitter ................................... 2-10
component
location diagrams listing
interconnect boards ............................................ 8-1
main board  ......................................................... 7-1
parts list
main board
136-174 MHz band  .............................. 7-47, 7-60
380-470 MHz band  .......................... 7-105, 7-120
450-520 MHz band  ..................................... 7-163
700-800 MHz band  ..................................... 7-207
remote interconnect board
motorcycle ...................................................... 8-5
standard ................................................. 8-4, 8-19
W3 hand-held control head  .......... 8-7, 8-11, 8-17
table ................................................................... 7-1
control-head assembly
description ............................................................. 2-2
ignition sense circuits  ............................................. 2-7
power supplies  ....................................................... 2-7
vehicle interface ports
connections
input ................................................................ 2-6
output .............................................................. 2-6
dash-mount configuration ................................... 2-2
DEK interface with radio ..................................... 2-7
description .......................................................... 2-2
remote-mount 
						

							Index-ii
May 25, 20056881096C74-B
plus DEK configuration  ................................... 2-4
standard configuration  .................................... 2-2
W3 configuration  ............................................. 2-4
VIP input connections ......................................... 2-6
controller
analog mode of operation  .................................... 2-12
ASTRO mode of operation  ................................... 2-13
components and circuitry  ..................................... 2-13
daughtercard module  ........................................... 3-64
DC power distribution  ........................................... 3-65
DSP system clock  ................................................ 3-68
encryption voltages  .............................................. 3-66
external bus serial communications  ..................... 3-71
MCU system clock  ............................................... 3-68
power-up/power-down sequence  ......................... 3-68
receive audio  ........................................................ 3-72
reset circuits  ......................................................... 3-67
SPI bus  ................................................................ 3-71
theory of operation  ............................................... 3-62
copyrights
computer software ...................................................... ii
document ................................................................... ii
D
daughtercard module
overview ............................................................... 2-13
theory of operation  ............................................... 3-64
troubleshooting ...................................................... 4-2
DC power distribution
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 3-13
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-12
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-12
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 3-13
introduction .......................................................... 3-12
DSP system clock  .................................................... 3-68
E
encryption
errors
09/10 .................................................................. A-2
09/90 .................................................................. A-2
keyload failure  .................................................... A-2
S03 ..................................................................... A-2
self-test ............................................................... A-2
secure
interface board
kits .................................................................. A-1
schematics .................................................... 8-20
module circuit description  ................................... A-2
universal crypto module kits ................................... A-1
voltages, controller  ............................................... 3-66
errors
09/10 ...................................................................... A-2
09/90 ...................................................................... A-2
operational codes  ................................................... 4-5
power-up self-check  ............................................... 4-3
S03 ......................................................................... A-2
external bus serial communications, controller  ........ 3-71
F
filter
harmonic
136-174 MHz band ........................................... 3-29
380-470 MHz band ........................................... 3-34
450-520 MHz band ........................................... 3-39
700-800 MHz band ........................................... 3-43
highpass, receiver front-end (380-470 MHz band)  .. 3-
16
highpass, receiver front-end (450-520 MHz band)  .. 3-
17
loop
136-174 MHz band ........................................... 3-48
380-470 MHz band ........................................... 3-52
450-520 MHz band ........................................... 3-56
700-800 MHz band ........................................... 3-60
preselector, receiver front-end
136-174 MHz band ........................................... 3-14
380-470 MHz band ........................................... 3-16
450-520 MHz band ........................................... 3-18
700-800 MHz band ........................................... 3-19
receiver back-end IF
380-470 MHz band ........................................... 3-22
450-520 MHz band ........................................... 3-23
700-800 MHz band ........................................... 3-25
firmware, reflashing  ................................................. 3-76
flash programming ................................................... 3-75
flex cables pin-out assignments  ................................ 9-1
flowcharts, troubleshooting  ...................................... 5-14
136-174MHz band
low or no RX injection signal  ............................ 5-21
low or no TX injection signal  ............................ 5-22
no output power and IDC  ................................. 5-26
no output power at TX mode  ............................ 5-25
poor RX sensitivity or no RX audio  .................. 5-15
RX back-end-poor SINAD or no audio  ............. 5-18
RX IF-poor SINAD or no audio ......................... 5-17
TX or RX VCO unlock (Fail 001)  ...................... 5-23
380-470 MHz and 450-520 MHz bands
low or no RX injection signal  ............................ 5-35
low or no TX injection signal  ............................ 5-36
no 16.8 MHz reference oscillator frequency ..... 5-27
no TX audio  ...................................................... 5-37
poor RX sensitivity or no RX audio  .................. 5-28
RFPA power control-no VGBIAS  ...................... 5-45
RFPA-no or low TX power output  ..................... 5-40
RX back-end-poor SINAD or no audio  ............. 5-32
RX IF-poor SINAD or no audio ......................... 5-30
TX or RX VCO unlock (Fail 001)  ...................... 5-38
700-800 MHz band
low or no RX injection signal  ............................ 5-53
low or no TX injection signal  ............................ 5-54
no 16.8 MHz reference ..................................... 5-46
no TX audio  ...................................................... 5-55
poor RX sensitivity or no RX audio  .................. 5-47
RFPA power control-no K9.1V  ......................... 5-63
RFPA power control-no or low TX RFPA_CNTRL  5-
65
RFPA power control-no VGBIAS  ...................... 5-64
RFPA-no or low TX power output  ..................... 5-58
RX back-end-poor SINAD or no audio  ............. 5-50
RX IF-poor SINAD or no audio ......................... 5-49
TX or RX VCO unlock (Fail 001)  ...................... 5-56
frequency generation unit (FGU) 
						

							Index-iii
6881096C74-BMay 25, 2005
136-174 MHz band
charge pump bias  ............................................. 3-48
description ........................................................ 2-10
lock detect  ........................................................ 3-48
loop filter  ........................................................... 3-48
LV Frac-N synthesizer  ...................................... 3-46
modulation ........................................................ 3-47
prescaler feedback  ........................................... 3-49
receiver injection  .............................................. 3-49
receiver VCOs  .................................................. 3-49
reference oscillator  ........................................... 3-46
superfilter .......................................................... 3-47
transmitter injection  .......................................... 3-48
transmitter VCOs  .............................................. 3-49
voltage multiplier ............................................... 3-47
380-470 MHz band
charge pump bias  ............................................. 3-52
description ........................................................ 2-11
lock detect  ........................................................ 3-52
loop filter  ........................................................... 3-52
LV Frac-N synthesizer  ...................................... 3-50
modulation ........................................................ 3-51
prescaler feedback  ........................................... 3-53
receiver injection  .............................................. 3-52
receiver VCOs  .................................................. 3-53
reference oscillator  ........................................... 3-50
superfilter .......................................................... 3-51
transmitter injection  .......................................... 3-52
transmitter VCOs  .............................................. 3-53
voltage multiplier ............................................... 3-51
450-520 MHz band
charge pump bias  ............................................. 3-56
lock detect  ........................................................ 3-56
loop filter  ........................................................... 3-56
LV Frac-N synthesizer  ...................................... 3-55
modulation ........................................................ 3-56
prescaler feedback  ........................................... 3-58
receiver injection  .............................................. 3-57
receiver VCOs  .................................................. 3-57
reference oscillator  ........................................... 3-55
superfilter .......................................................... 3-56
transmitter injection  .......................................... 3-57
transmitter VCOs  .............................................. 3-57
voltage multiplier ............................................... 3-55
700-800 MHz band
charge pump bias  ............................................. 3-60
description ........................................................ 2-11
lock detect  ........................................................ 3-60
loop filter  ........................................................... 3-60
LV Frac-N synthesizer  ...................................... 3-59
modulation ........................................................ 3-60
prescaler feedback  ........................................... 3-62
receiver injection  .............................................. 3-61
receiver VCOs  .................................................. 3-62
reference oscillator  ........................................... 3-59
superfilter .......................................................... 3-60
transmitter injection  .......................................... 3-61
transmitter VCOs  .............................................. 3-61
voltage multiplier ............................................... 3-59
description ............................................................ 3-45
theory of operation
136-174 MHz band  ........................................... 3-45
380-470 MHz band  ........................................... 3-49
450-520 MHz band  ........................................... 3-54
700-800 MHz band  ........................................... 3-58front-end receiver section
136-174 MHz band
low-noise amplifier (LNA)  ................................. 3-14
mixer ................................................................ 3-15
overview ............................................................. 2-8
PIN diode switches ........................................... 3-14
preselector filters  .............................................. 3-14
step attenuator  ................................................. 3-14
theory of operation  ........................................... 3-13
380-470 MHz band
first low-noise amplifier ..................................... 3-16
highpass filter  ................................................... 3-16
image filter ........................................................ 3-16
low-noise amplifier (LNA)  ................................. 3-16
mixer ................................................................ 3-16
overview ............................................................. 2-8
preselector filters  .............................................. 3-16
switchable attenuator  ....................................... 3-16
theory of operation  ........................................... 3-15
450-520 MHz band
first low-noise amplifier ..................................... 3-17
highpass filter  ................................................... 3-17
image filter ........................................................ 3-18
low-noise amplifier (LNA)  ................................. 3-18
mixer ................................................................ 3-18
preselector filters  .............................................. 3-18
switchable attenuator  ....................................... 3-18
theory of operation  ........................................... 3-17
700-800 MHz band
low-noise amplifier (LNA)  ................................. 3-19
mixer ................................................................ 3-20
overview ............................................................. 2-9
preselector filters  .............................................. 3-19
theory of operation  ........................................... 3-19
functional blocks, radio  .............................................. 2-1
G
glossary of terms  ........................................... Glossary-1
H
handling precautions  ................................................. 4-1
harmonic filter
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 3-29
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-34
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-39
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 3-43
highpass filter, receiver front-end
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-16
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-17
I
IF
filter
receiver back-end
380-470 MHz band  ....................................... 3-22
450-520 MHz band  ....................................... 3-23
700-800 MHz band  ....................................... 3-25
receiver back-end (136-174 MHz band)  .............. 3-20
receiver section, overview  ..................................... 2-8 
						

							Index-iv
May 25, 20056881096C74-B
ignition sense circuits, control-head assembly  .......... 2-7
image filter, receiver front-end (380-470 MHz band)  3-16
image filter, receiver front-end (450-520 MHz band)  3-18
interconnect board
remote
board layout  ...................................... 8-3, 8-10, 8-14
schematic ........................................... 8-2, 8-9, 8-13
W3 hand-held  ......................................................... 8-1
interface board, secure  ............................................ 8-20
introduction, manual  .................................................. 1-1
J
jumper configuration, board ID  ................................ 5-13
K
keyload failure  ........................................................... A-2
kits, universal crypto module (UCM) .......................... A-1
L
list
component location diagrams
interconnect boards  ............................................ 8-1
main board  ......................................................... 7-1
flex cables  .............................................................. 9-1
schematics
interconnect boards  ............................................ 8-1
main board  ......................................................... 7-1
troubleshooting charts  ............................................ 5-1
waveforms .............................................................. 6-1
local oscillator
1st
136-174 MHz band  ........................................... 3-49
380-470 MHz band  ........................................... 3-52
450-520 MHz band  ........................................... 3-57
700-800 MHz band  ........................................... 3-61
2nd
136-174 MHz band  ........................................... 3-21
380-470 MHz band  ........................................... 3-23
450-520 MHz band  ........................................... 3-24
700-800 MHz band  ........................................... 3-26
low-noise amplifier (LNA), receiver front-end
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 3-14
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-16
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-18
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 3-19
low-noise amplifier, first, receiver front-end, 380-470 
MHz band  ......................................................... 3-16
low-noise amplifier, first, receiver front-end, 450-520 
MHz band  ......................................................... 3-17
M
main board
136-174 MHz band
major sections  .................................................... 3-1
theory of operation
FGU .............................................................. 3-45
power distribution  .......................................... 3-13
receiver front-end .......................................... 3-13RFPA ................................................... 3-26, 3-28
transmitter ..................................................... 3-26
troubleshooting ................................................... 4-5
380-470 MHz band
major sections  .................................................... 3-6
theory of operation
FGU .............................................................. 3-49
power distribution  ......................................... 3-12
receiver back-end  ......................................... 3-21
receiver front-end  ......................................... 3-15
RFPA ................................................... 3-31, 3-33
transmitter ..................................................... 3-31
troubleshooting ..................................................4-11
450-520 MHz band
major sections  .................................................... 3-6
theory of operation
FGU .............................................................. 3-54
power distribution  ......................................... 3-12
receiver back-end  ......................................... 3-23
receiver front-end  ......................................... 3-17
RFPA ............................................................ 3-37
transmitter ..................................................... 3-37
troubleshooting ................................................. 4-17
700-800 MHz band
major sections  .................................................. 3-10
theory of operation
FGU .............................................................. 3-58
power distribution  ......................................... 3-13
receiver back-end  ......................................... 3-24
receiver front-end  ......................................... 3-19
RFPA ............................................................ 3-41
transmitter ..................................................... 3-41
troubleshooting ................................................. 4-22
flash programming  ............................................... 3-75
receive audio  ....................................................... 3-72
reflash firmware  ................................................... 3-76
RS-232 USB bus  ................................................. 3-69
theory of operation
controller .......................................................... 3-62
power distribution  ............................................. 3-12
receiver ............................................................ 3-13
transmitter ........................................................ 3-26
transmit audio  ...................................................... 3-74
manual
introduction ............................................................ 1-1
notations ................................................................ 1-1
organization ........................................................... 1-1
revisions ..................................................................... ii
MCU system clock ................................................... 3-68
mixer, receiver front-end
136-174 MHz band  .............................................. 3-15
380-470 MHz band  .............................................. 3-16
450-520 MHz band  .............................................. 3-18
700-800 MHz band  .............................................. 3-20
mobile model chart
700-800 MHz  .......................................................... xlii
UHF Range 1  ............................................. xxxiv, xxxvi
UHF Range 2  .......................................................xxxix
VHF ............................................................... xxix, xxxi
mode
analog .................................................................. 2-12
ASTRO ................................................................ 2-13
model chart