Epson Aculaser M 2000 Service Manual

							Confidential
CHAPTER
2
OPERATING PRINCIPLES 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Print Process 32
Confidential2.1  Print ProcessThis printer is a Full color page printer that uses the principle of 
electrophotographic recording. Each YMCK color (yellow, magenta, cyan, 
black) has its own special drum (Photoconductor (PC) drum) and developer 
that are used in tandem. Since each color is developed simultaneously, the 
color image can be printed at high speed comparing to the four cycles engine 
printer. The transfer intermediate is coordinated, and at the end of the process 
the layered color toner images produce a full color print. The major steps of the 
print process are described below.1. Charging: The PC Drum surfaces are charged with electricity.2. Exposure: Image areas are exposed on PC Drum with laser radiation.3. Developing: Image areas on drums are developed with toner.4. Primary transfer: The toner image on PC Drum is transferred to Intermediate 
Transfer Belt.5. Cleaning: PC Drum are cleaned.6. Secondary transfer: The complete four-color toner image on the Intermediate 
Transfer Belt is transferred to the paper.7. Electrical discharge:The electrical charge of the paper is discharged.8. Cleaning: Intermediate Transfer Belt are cleaned.9. Fusing: Toner on the paper is fused with heat and pressure.
Figure 2-1.  Print Process
DrumBk
1.Charging2.Exposure3.Developing
5.Cleaning
DrumC
1.Charging2.Exposure3.Developing
5.Cleaning
DrumM
1.Charging2.Exposure3.Developing
5.Cleaning
DrumY
1.Charging 2.Exposure3.Developing
5.Cleaning
4. Primary transfer (Drum
→Intermediate Transfer Belt)
Transfer belt
8. Cleaning
Paper
7.Electrical discharge
9.Fusing
6. Secondary transfer (Intermediate 
Transfer Belt
→Paper) 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 33
Confidential2.2  Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism2.2.1  Center cross section
Figure 2-2.  Center cross section
[1]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6][2]
[7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15]
[17]
[16][18][19]
4039T1C102AA
1. Fusing Unit
2. Transfer Belt Unit
3. 2nd Transfer Roller
4. MP tray
5. Standard Cassette
6. Optional Cassette
7. Print Head Unit (PH Unit) /K
8. Print Head Unit (PH Unit) /C
9. Print Head Unit (PH Unit) /M
10. Print Head Unit (PH Unit) /Y
11. Waste Toner Collector12. Photoconductor Unit/Y
13. Photoconductor Unit/M
14. Photoconductor Unit/C
15. Photoconductor Unit/K
16. Toner Cartridge/Y
17. Toner Cartridge/M
18. Toner Cartridge/C
19. Toner Cartridge/Y 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 34
ConfidentialPAPER PATHNormally, papers are supplied from 2 bins. MP tray (100 papers) and Standard 
cassette (250 papers). 
 
5 bins of paper supply can be available by setting maximum three optional 
cassette (500 papers).†
A Paper supplied from each Tray is transported to the Vertical Transport 
then an image is transferred in the 2nd Transfer Roller and fused in the 
Fusing Unit. Finally, the paper is exited with face down.
†
Duplex mechanism of this machine uses circuit system. The major steps of 
Duplex are described below (When two documents are printed in Duplex).1. Firstly, printing back up (back side of the paper) is executed. After an image 
is fused, the transfer route is switched at Paper exit section and the paper is 
drawn back inside the Duplex Unit.
2. The paper is reversed and transported from the Duplex Unit to the paper 
route in front of the Registration Roller.
3. Printing the front page (surface of the paper) is executed and after an image 
is fused, papers are exited to the Exit tray.
Figure 2-3.  Paper path
4039T1C103AA 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 35
Confidential2.2.2  Parts layout drawingENGINE SECTION[1]
IDC/Registration Sensor/2 (SE2)
[6]
Controller Board (PWB-P)
[2]
IDC/Registration Sensor/1 (SE1)
[7]
Program ROM DIMM (WORK0)
[3]
Control Panel (PWB-OP)
[8]
RTC Board (PWB-RTC)
[4]
PH Interface Board (PWB-D)
[9]
Mechanical Control Board (PWB-M)
[5]
DC Power Supply (PU1)
[10]
High Voltage Unit (HV1)
4039F5C501DA
[1]
[10]
[9]
[8]
[7][2]
[3]
[4]
[5] [6]
[1]
Fusing Drive Motor (M4)
[7]
Cooling Fan Motor/1 (M12)
[2]
Main Motor (M1)
[8]
Toner Supply Motor Y/M (M6)
[3]
Fusing Cooling Fan Motor/2 (M11)
[9]
Cooling Fan Motor/2 (M22)
[4]
Power Supply Cooling Fan Motor/1 (M8)
[10]
Toner Supply Motor C/K (M7)
[5]
Ozone Ventilation Fan Motor (M14)
[11]
Color PC Drum Motor (M2)
[6]
Color Developing Motor (M3)
[12]
Fusing Cooling Fan Motor/1 (M13)
4039F5C502DA
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4] [5][7]
[6][8][9][10][11][12] 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 36
Confidential[1]
Right Door Switch (S5)
[6]
Front Door Switch/2 (S4)
[2]
Primary Interlock Switch (S2)
[7]
Main Erase Lamp/Y (LA4)
[3]
PH Unit
[8]
Main Erase Lamp/M (LA3)
[4]
Main Power Switch (S1)
[9]
Main Erase Lamp/C (LA2)
[5]
Front Door Switch/1 (S3)
[10]
Main Erase Lamp/K (LA1)
4039F5C503DA
[3]
[1]
[2]
[4] [5] [6][10]
[9]
[8]
[7]
[1]
Developing Clutch/K (CL4)
[8]
Waste Toner Full Sensor (PC8)
[2]
Exit Sensor (PC2)
[9]
Color PC Drive Main Sensor (PC17)
[3]
Temperature/Humidity Sensor (SE3)
[10]
Color PC Drive Sub Sensor (PC18)
[4]
Registration Roller Sensor (PC1)
[11]
Black PC Drive Main Sensor (PC15)
[5]
OHP Sensor (PC4)
[12]
Black PC Drive Sub Sensor (PC16)
[6]
Registration Roller Clutch (CL1)
[13]
1st Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction 
Clutch (CL3)
[7]
1st Image Transfer Pressure/Retraction 
Position Sensor (PC6)
4039F5C504DA
[5] [3] [1]
[2]
[4]
[6] [8] [10]
[9]
[7][12][13]
[11] 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 37
ConfidentialSTANDARD CASSETTE
4038T2C111A
A
4038T2C171AA
[1]
[3] [2]
4039T2C113AA
[1]
Registration Roller Sensor (PC1)
[7]
Standard Cassette CD Paper Size Sensor 
(PC9)
[2]
Standard Cassette Feed Roller
[8]
Standard Cassette Separation Roller
[3]
Standard Cassette Separation Roller
[9]
Standard Cassette Feed Roller (Bypass)
[4]
Standard Cassette Device Detection 
Sensor (PC12)
[10]
Standard Cassette Paper Empty Sensor 
(PC10)
[5]
Standard Cassette Paper Near-Empty 
Sensor (PC11)
[11]
Standard Cassette Paper Feed Clutch 
(CL2)
[6]
Standard Cassette Paper Size Board 
(PWB-I)
4038T2C026DB
[4]
[5]
[7] [10]
[9] [11]
[8]
[6] 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 38
Confidential2.2.3  PH Unit2.2.3.1  Composition
Figure 2-4.  Composition
2.2.3.2  OperationOUTLINE†
4 types of the PH Unit are used for exposure process.
†
The surface of the Photo Conductor is irradiated with a laser light and an 
electrostatic latent image is thereby formed.
†
2 Beam Array LD is used to prevent the rotation speed from increasing 
caused by decreasing the number of the sides comparing to Polygon Mirror 
which has four sides.
†
2 Beam Array LD scans in two lines two lasers irradiated by two LD 
electrical components set up vertically with one side of Polygon Mirror.
Figure 2-5.  Overview
4039T2C106AA
4038T2C008AA
PH Unit
4038T2C034AA
SOS Mirror
Laser Diode
Polygon Motor
SOS Sensor
4038t2J005AB
Transfer Belt
2nd Transfer 
Roller
LD/K LD/Y LD/M
LD/CPC Drum
YMC
K
Beam A
Beam B
PC Drum
Return Mirror 1 Return Mirror 2Laser Diode
Beam A
Beam B
Direction 
of rotation 
of the PC 
Drum Two lines 
One scan Surface of the PC Drum
Polygon 
Mirror
G2 LensG1 Lens 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 39
ConfidentialLASER SHUTTER MECHANISMThere is a shutter mechanism provided to prevent the PH from being 
contaminated with foreign matter such as dust when the front cover is opened, 
or prevent the emission laser from leaking outside for any reason.The Shutter operates relative to the removing and inserting Photoconductor 
Unit because PH Unit is not exposed concerning the layout of the unit when 
Photoconductor Unit is inserted. The shutter opens by pressing shutter guide at 
insertion of the Photoconductor Unit, and closes at de-installation of the 
Photoconductor Unit.
Figure 2-6.  Laser shutter mechanism
LASER EMISSION AREA†
Main scan direction (CD)„
The print start position is determined by the start signal for main scan 
print and the range of the paper size output from the Mechanical 
Control Board (PWB-P).
„
The laser emission area is determined by the paper size. The area of 4 mm/
0.157 inch on both edges of the paper is, however, the void image area.
†
Sub scan direction (FD)„
The print start position is determined by the writing image signal and the 
range of the paper size output from the Mechanical Control Board (PWB-P).
„
The laser emission area is determined by the paper size. The area of 4.2 
mm/0.165 inch on the leading and trailing edges and 4 mm/0.157 inch 
on both the side edges of the paper are, however, the void image area.
Figure 2-7.  Laser emission area
Shutter
Shutter Guide
4138to2595c0
Start signal  
for main  
scan print Writing 
image  
signal 
Void width: 4 mm/0.157 inch
Void width: 4 mm/0.157 inch
Void width: 4.2 mm/
0.165 inchVoid width: 4.2 mm/
0.165 inch 
						

							EPSON AcuLaser C9200NRevision D
OPERATING PRINCIPLES      Operating Principle of Main Unit Mechanism 40
ConfidentialREGISTRATION CONTROL (COLOR SHIFT CORRECTION) SYSTEM†
In a tandem engine, in which an independent image reproduction process is 
provided for each of the four different colors of toner. Incorrect color 
registration, or color shift, is therefore more likely to occur due to each of 
the PH Units being out of correct position. The color shift correction 
system automatically detects any misalignment among the different colors, 
correcting it both in the main scanning and sub scanning directions.
†
The color shift correction is made when the Front Door is opened and 
closed, the Transfer Belt is removed and reinstalled, the Main Power 
Switch is turned OFF and ON, or Calibration is carried out from the 
Control Panel.
Figure 2-8.  Registration Control (Color Shift Correction) System
SKEW CONTROL MECHANISM†
When the PH Unit is mounted on the main body installation plate, image 
distortion (skew) occurs due to mounting error. Therefore the PH Unit 
adopts the correction system.
Figure 2-9.  Skew Control Mechanism 1
†
The main body skew can be corrected by adjusting the dial of the 
corresponding PH Unit (Y, M, C).
Figure 2-10.  Skew Control Mechanism 2
Transfer BeltIDC/Registration Sensor/1 and /2 
(SE1, SE2)
4038T2C033DA