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HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide

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Figure 24 Network diagram 
 
 
Configuration procedure 
1. Configure IP addresses: 
Configure an IP address and subnet mask for each interface as per  Figure 24. (Details not shown.) 
  
2. Configure Router A: 
# Enable IP multicast routing, enable PIM-DM on  each interface and enable IGMP on the host-side 
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2.  
 system-view 
[RouterA] multicast routing-enable 
[RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] pim dm 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit 
[RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] pim dm 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] igmp enable 
3.  Configure Switch A: 
# Enable IGMP snooping globally.  
 system-view 
[SwitchA] igmp-snooping 
[SwitchA-igmp-snooping] quit 
# Create VLAN 2 through VLAN 5.  
[SwitchA] vlan 2 to 5 
# Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as a trunk po rt, and assign it to VLAN 2 and VLAN 3. 
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type trunk 
GE
1
/0 /
2
G E
1/
0 /
3
G
E1
/0 /
1
G E1/
0
/1
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    							 66 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port trunk permit vlan 2 3 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit 
# Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 as a trunk port, and assign it to VLAN 4 and VLAN 5. 
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/3 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port link-type trunk 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] port trunk permit vlan 4 5 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit 
# Create VLAN 10, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 to this VLAN and enable IGMP snooping in the 
VLAN.  
[SwitchA] vlan 10 
[SwitchA-vlan10] port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 
[SwitchA-vlan10] igmp-snooping enable 
[SwitchA-vlan10] quit 
# Configure VLAN 10 as a multicast VLAN and configure VLAN 2 through VLAN 5 as its 
sub-VLANs. 
[SwitchA] multicast-vlan 10 
[SwitchA-mvlan-10] subvlan 2 to 5 
[SwitchA-mvlan-10] quit 
4. Configure Switch B: 
# Enable IGMP snooping globally.  
 system-view 
[SwitchB] igmp-snooping 
[SwitchB-igmp-snooping] quit 
# Create VLAN 2, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 to VLAN 2, and enable IGMP snooping in the 
VLAN. 
[SwitchB] vlan 2 
[SwitchB-vlan2] port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 
[SwitchB-vlan2] igmp-snooping enable 
[SwitchB-vlan2] quit 
# Create VLAN 3, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 to VLAN 3, and enable IGMP snooping in the 
VLAN. 
[SwitchB] vlan 3 
[SwitchB-vlan3] port gigabitethernet 1/0/3 
[SwitchB-vlan3] igmp-snooping enable 
[SwitchB-vlan3] quit 
# Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 as a trunk po rt, and assign it to VLAN 2 and VLAN 3. 
[SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 
[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk 
[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk permit vlan 2 3 
5. Configure Switch C: 
The configurations on Switch C are similar to those on Switch B.  
6. Verify the configuration:  
# Display information about the multicast VLAN. 
[SwitchA] display multicast-vlan 
 Total 1 multicast-vlan(s)
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    							 67 
 Multicast vlan 10 
   subvlan list: 
    vlan 2-5 
   port list: 
    no port 
# View the IGMP snooping multicast group information on Switch A. 
[SwitchA] display igmp-snooping group 
  Total 5 IP Group(s). 
  Total 5 IP Source(s). 
  Total 5 MAC Group(s). 
 
  Port flags: D-Dynamic port, S-Static port, C-Copy port, P-PIM port 
  Subvlan flags: R-Real VLAN, C-Copy VLAN 
  Vlan(id):2. 
    Total 1 IP Group(s). 
    Total 1 IP Source(s). 
    Total 1 MAC Group(s). 
    Router port(s):total 0 port(s). 
    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. 
      IP group address:224.1.1.1 
        (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/2                (D) 
    MAC group(s): 
      MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/2 
 
  Vlan(id):3. 
    Total 1 IP Group(s). 
    Total 1 IP Source(s). 
    Total 1 MAC Group(s). 
    Router port(s):total 0 port(s). 
    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. 
      IP group address:224.1.1.1 
        (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/2                (D) 
    MAC group(s): 
      MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/2 
 
  Vlan(id):4. 
    Total 1 IP Group(s). 
    Total 1 IP Source(s). 
    Total 1 MAC Group(s). 
    Router port(s):total 0 port(s).
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    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. 
      IP group address:224.1.1.1 
        (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/3                (D) 
    MAC group(s): 
      MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/3 
 
  Vlan(id):5. 
    Total 1 IP Group(s). 
    Total 1 IP Source(s). 
    Total 1 MAC Group(s). 
    Router port(s):total 0 port(s). 
    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. 
      IP group address:224.1.1.1 
        (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/3                (D) 
    MAC group(s): 
      MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 
          Host port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/3 
 
  Vlan(id):10. 
    Total 1 IP Group(s). 
    Total 1 IP Source(s). 
    Total 1 MAC Group(s). 
    Router port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/1                (D) 
    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. 
      IP group address:224.1.1.1 
        (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): 
          Host port(s):total 0 port(s). 
    MAC group(s): 
      MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 
          Host port(s):total 0 port(s). 
The output shows that IGMP snooping is maintaining the router port in the multicast VLAN (VLAN 
10) and the member ports in the sub-VLANs (VLAN 2 through VLAN 5).  
Port-based multicast VLAN configuration example 
Network requirements 
As shown in Figure 25 , I GM P v 2  ru n s  o n  Ro u te r  A .  I GM P v 2  S no o pi n g  ru n s  o n  Swi tch  A .  Rou te r  A  act s  as  
the IGMP querier. The multicast source sends multicast data to multicast group 224.1.1.1. Host A, Host B, 
and Host C are receivers of the multicast group, and the hosts belong to VLAN 2 through VLAN 4 
respectively.
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    							 69 
Configure the port-based multicast VLAN feature on Switch A so that Router A just sends multicast data 
to Switch A through the multicast VLAN and Switch A forwards the multicast data to the receivers that 
belong to different user VLANs. 
Figure 25 Network diagram 
 
 
Configuration procedure 
1. Configure IP addresses: 
Configure the IP address  and subnet mask for each interface as per  Figure 25. (Details not sh
own.)   
2. Configure Router A:  
# Enable IP multicast routing, enable PIM-DM on ea ch interface, and enable IGMP on the host-side 
interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/2.  
 system-view 
[RouterA] multicast routing-enable 
[RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] pim dm 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit 
[RouterA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] pim dm 
[RouterA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] igmp enable 
3.  Configure Switch A: 
# Enable IGMP snooping globally.  
 system-view 
[SwitchA] igmp-snooping 
[SwitchA-igmp-snooping] quit 
# Create VLAN 10, assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/1  to VLAN 10, and enable IGMP snooping in this 
VLAN.  
[SwitchA] vlan 10 
[SwitchA-vlan10] port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 
[SwitchA-vlan10] igmp-snooping enable 
[SwitchA-vlan10] quit
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    							 70 
# Create VLAN 2 and enable IGMP snooping in the VLAN.  
[SwitchA] vlan 2 
[SwitchA-vlan2] igmp-snooping enable 
[SwitchA-vlan2] quit 
The configuration for VLAN 3 and VLAN  4 is similar. (Details not shown.) 
# Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 as a hybrid port. Configure VLAN 2 as the default VLAN. 
Configure GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 to permit packe ts of VLAN 2 and VLAN 10 to pass and untag 
the packets when forwarding them.  
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type hybrid 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid pvid vlan 2 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid vlan 2 untagged 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port hybrid vlan 10 untagged 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit 
The configuration for GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 and Gi gabitEthernet 1/0/4 is similar. (Details not 
shown.) 
# Configure VLAN 10 as a multicast VLAN.  
[SwitchA] multicast-vlan 10 
# Assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/2 and GigabitEthernet 1/0/3 to VLAN 10.  
[SwitchA-mvlan-10] port gigabitethernet 1/0/2 to gigabitethernet 1/0/3 
[SwitchA-mvlan-10] quit 
# Assign GigabitEthernet 1/0/4 to VLAN 10. 
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/4 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] port multicast-vlan 10 
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/4] quit 
4.  Verify the configuration: 
# View the multicast VLAN information on Switch A. 
[SwitchA] display multicast-vlan 
 Total 1 multicast-vlan(s) 
 
 Multicast vlan 10 
   subvlan list: 
    no subvlan 
   port list: 
    GE1/0/2                 GE1/0/3                 GE1/0/4 
# View the IGMP snooping multicast group information on Switch A. 
[SwitchA] display igmp-snooping group 
  Total 1 IP Group(s). 
  Total 1 IP Source(s). 
  Total 1 MAC Group(s). 
 
  Port flags: D-Dynamic port, S-Static port, C-Copy port, P-PIM port 
  Subvlan flags: R-Real VLAN, C-Copy VLAN 
  Vlan(id):10. 
    Total 1 IP Group(s). 
    Total 1 IP Source(s). 
    Total 1 MAC Group(s).
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    							 71 
    Router port(s):total 1 port(s). 
            GE1/0/1                (D) 
    IP group(s):the following ip group(s) match to one mac group. 
      IP group address:224.1.1.1 
        (0.0.0.0, 224.1.1.1): 
          Host port(s):total 3 port(s). 
            GE1/0/2                (D) 
            GE1/0/3                (D) 
            GE1/0/4                (D) 
    MAC group(s): 
      MAC group address:0100-5e01-0101 
          Host port(s):total 3 port(s). 
            GE1/0/2 
            GE1/0/3 
            GE1/0/4 
The output shows that IGMP snooping is maintaining the router ports and member ports in VLAN 
10.
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    							 72 
Configuring multicast routing and forwarding 
(available only on the HP 5500 EI) 
Overview 
In multicast implementations, the following types of tables implement multicast routing and forwarding: 
•  Multicast routing table of a multicast routing protocol —Each multicast routing protocol has its own 
multicast routing table, such as PIM routing table. 
•   General multicast routing table —The multicast routing information of different multicast routing 
protocols forms a general multicast routing table. 
•   Multicast forwarding table —The multicast forwarding table guides the forwarding of multicast 
packets. 
A multicast routing table consists of a set of (S, G) entries. Each entry indicates the routing information for 
delivering multicast data from a multicast source to  a multicast group. If a router supports multiple 
multicast protocols, its multicast routing table includes routes generated by multiple protocols. The router 
chooses the optimal route from the multicast routing table based on the configured multicast routing and 
forwarding policy and adds the route entry to its multicast forwarding table. 
The term router  in this document refers to both routers and Layer 3 switches. 
The term interface  in the multicast routing and forwarding features refers to Layer 3 interfaces, 
including VLAN interfaces and route-mode (or Layer 3)  Ethernet ports. You can set an Ethernet port to 
operate in route mode by using the port  link-mode  route  command (see  Layer 2—LAN Switching 
Configuration Guide ). 
RPF check mechanism 
A multicast routing protocol relies on the existing unicast routes, MBGP routes, or static multicast routes 
in creating multicast routing entries. When creating multicast routing table entries, a multicast routing 
protocol uses the reverse path forwarding (RPF) chec k mechanism to ensure multicast data delivery along 
the correct paths. In addition, the RPF check mechanism also helps avoid data loops.  
RPF check process 
The basis for an RPF check is as follows:  
•   Unicast routing table—Contains the shortest path to each destination subnet.  
•   MBGP routing table —Contains multicast routing information.  
•   Static multicast routing table —Contains the RPF routing information defined by the user through 
static configuration. 
MBGP multicast routing table and static multicast routing table are  used for RPF check rather than 
multicast routing. 
When a router performs an RPF check, it searches  its unicast routing table, MBGP routing table, and 
static multicast routing table at the same time. The specific process is as follows:
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    							 73 
1.
 
The router chooses an optimal route from the unic ast routing table, the MBGP routing table, and 
the static multicast routing table:  
{  The router automatically chooses an optimal unicast route by searching its unicast routing table, 
and using the IP address of the packet source as the destination address. The outgoing 
interface in the corresponding routing entry is  the RPF interface and the next hop is the RPF 
neighbor. The router considers the path along which the packet from the RPF neighbor arrived 
on the RPF interface to be the shortest  path that leads back to the source.  
{ The router automatically chooses an optimal MBGP route by searching its MBGP routing table, 
and using the IP address of the packet source as the destination address. The outgoing 
interface in the corresponding routing entry is  the RPF interface and the next hop is the RPF 
neighbor.  
{  The router automatically chooses an optimal st atic multicast route by searching its static 
multicast routing table, and using the IP address of the packet source as the destination address. 
The corresponding routing entry explicitly defi nes the RPF interface and the RPF neighbor.  
2. The router selects one of these optimal routes as the RPF route. The selection process is as follows:  
{  If configured to use the longest match principle, the router selects the longest match route from 
these optimal routes. If the three routes have the same mask, the router selects the route with the 
highest priority. If the three routes have the same priority, the router selects a route as the RPF 
route according to the sequence of static multicast route, MBGP route, and unicast route.  
{ If not configured to use the longest match principle, the router selects the route with the highest 
priority. If the three routes have the same priority, the router selects a route as the RPF route 
according to the sequence of static multicast route, MBGP route, and unicast route.  
The packet source means different  things in different situations:  
•   For a packet traveling along the shortest path tree (SPT) from the multicast source to the receivers or 
the rendezvous point (RP), the packet source for RPF check is the multicast source.  
•   For a packet traveling along the rendezvous point tree (RPT) from the RP to the receivers, or along 
the source-side RPT from the multicast source to the RP, the packet source for RPF check is the RP.  
•   For a bootstrap message from the bo otstrap router (BSR), the packet source for RPF check is the BSR. 
For more information about the concepts of SPT, RPT, source-side RPT, RP, and BSR, see  Configuring PIM 
(

available only on the HP 5500 EI) . 
RPF check implementation in multicast 
Implementing an RPF check on each received multicast data packet would be a big burden to the router. 
The use of a multicast forwarding table is the solution to this issue. When creating a multicast routing 
entry and a multicast forwarding entry for a multicas t packet, the router sets the RPF interface of the 
packet as the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry.  After receiving an (S, G) multicast packet, the router 
first searches its multicast forwarding table: 
1.  If the corresponding (S, G) entry does not exis t in the multicast forwarding table, the packet 
undergoes an RPF check. The router creates a mult icast routing entry based on the relevant routing 
information and adds the entry into the multicast forwarding table, with the RPF interface as the 
incoming interface.  
{  If the interface that received the packet is the RPF interface, the RPF check succeeds and the 
router forwards the packet to all the outgoing interfaces.  
{ If the interface that received the packet is not the RPF interface, the RPF check fails and the 
router discards the packet.  
2. If the corresponding (S, G) entry exists, and the in terface that received the packet is the incoming 
interface, the router forwards the pac ket to all the outgoing interfaces.
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    							 74 
3.
 
If the corresponding (S, G) entry exists, but th e interface that received the packet is not the 
incoming interface in the multicast forwarding table, the multicast packet undergoes an RPF check.   
{  If the RPF interface is the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry, it indicates that the (S, G) entry 
is correct but the packet arrived from a wrong path. The packet will be discarded.  
{ If the RPF interface is not the incoming interface, it indicates that the (S, G) entry has expired, 
and router replaces the incoming interface with the RPF interface. If the interface on which the 
packet arrived is the RPF interface, the router forwards the packet to all the outgoing interfaces. 
Otherwise, it discards the packet.  
Assume that unicast routes are available in the networ k, MBGP is not configured, and no static multicast 
routes have been configured on Switch C, as shown in  Figure 26. Multi
 cast packets travel along the SPT 
from the multicast source to the receivers. The multicast forwarding table on Switch C contains the (S, G) 
entry, with VLAN-interface 20 as the incoming interface.  
Figure 26  RPF check process 
 
 
•  When a multicast packet arrives on interface VLAN-i n t e r fa c e  2 0  o f  Swi t ch  C ,  b e c au s e  t h e  i n t e r fa c e  
is the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry,  the router forwards the packet to all outgoing 
interfaces.  
•   When a multicast packet arrives on interface VLAN-interface 10 of Switch C, because the interface 
is not the incoming interface of the (S, G) entry, the router performs an RPF check on the packet. The 
router searches its unicast routing table and finds  that the outgoing interface to Source (the RPF 
interface) is VLAN-interface 20. This means the (S , G) entry is correct, and packet arrived along a 
wrong path. The RPF check fails and the packet is discarded.  
Static multicast routes 
A static multicast route is an impo rtant basis for RPF check. Depending on the application environment, 
a static multicast route can change an RPF route and create an RPF route.  
Changing an RPF route 
Typically, the topology structure of a multicast network is the same as that of a unicast network, and 
multicast traffic follows the same transmission path as unicast traffic does. You can configure a static 
multicast route for a given multicast source to change the RPF route to create a transmission path for 
multicast traffic that is different from that for unicast traffic.  
Source
192.168.0.1/24
Receiver
Receiver
Switch A Switch B
Switch C
Vlan-int20 Vlan-int10 Vlan-int10
Multicast packets
Destination/Mask
IP Routing Table on Switch C
192.168.0.0/24
Interface
Vlan-int20
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