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HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide

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    							 39 
Creating a DHCP address pool 
When creating a DHCP address pool, specify it as a common address pool or an extended address 
pool. 
A common address pool and an extended address pool are different in address allocation mode 
configuration. Configurations of other parameters (such as the domain name suffix and DNS server 
address) for them are the same. 
To create a DHCP address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Create a DHCP address pool 
and enter its view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  No DHCP address pool is created by 
default. 
 
Configuring address allocation mode for a common address 
pool 
 
 
IMPORTANT: 
You can configure either a static binding or dynamic address allocation fo
r a common address pool, bu
t
not both.  
You need to specify a subnet for dynamic address allocation. A static binding is a special address pool 
containing only one IP address. 
Configuring static address allocation 
Some DHCP clients, such as a WWW server, need fixed IP addresses. To provide a fixed IP address, you 
can create a static binding of a client’s MAC address or client ID to an IP address in the DHCP address 
pool. A static binding is a special address pool containing only one IP address. 
When the client with that MAC address or client ID requests an IP address, the DHCP server will assign 
the IP address from the binding to the client. 
Follow these guidelines when you configure a static binding in a common address pool: 
•   Use the static-bind ip-address command together  with static-bind mac-address or static-bind 
client-identifier to accomplish a static binding configuration. 
•   In a DHCP address pool, if you execute the static-bind mac-address command before the static-bind 
client-identifier command, the latter will overwrite the former and vice versa. 
•   If you use the static-bind ip-address, static-bind ma c-address, or static-bind client-identifier command 
repeatedly in the DHCP address pool, the new configuration will overwrite the previous one. 
•   The IP address of the static binding cannot be an  interface address of the DHCP server. Otherwise, 
an IP address conflict may occur and the bound client cannot obtain an IP address correctly. 
•   The ID of the static binding must be identical to  the ID displayed by using the display dhcp client 
verbose command on the client. Otherwise, the client cannot obtain an IP address. 
•   When the device serves as a DHCP client or BOOTP client, you must bind the DHCP client’s ID to 
an IP address, or bind the BOOTP clients MAC address to an IP address on the DHCP server; 
otherwise, the DHCP or BOOTP client cannot obtain a static IP address.
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    							 40 
•  If the interfaces on a DHCP client share the same MAC address, you must specify the client ID, 
rather than MAC address, in a static binding to id entify the requesting interface; otherwise, the 
client may fail to obtain an IP address. 
To configure a static binding in a common address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter common address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  N/A 
3.  Specify the IP address.  static-bind ip-address
 ip-address  
[ mask-length  | mask  mask  ]  No IP addresses are statically 
bound by default. 
4.
  Specify the MAC address or 
client ID. 
• Specify the MAC address:  
static-bind mac-address  
mac-address  
• Specify the client ID:  
static-bind client-identifier  
client-identifier   Use at least one command. 
Neither is bound statically by 
default. 
5.
  Specify the lease duration for 
the IP address.  expired
 { day day  [ hour  hour 
[  minute  minute  [ second  second  ] ] ] | 
unlimited  }  Optional. 
By default, the lease duration of 
the IP address is unlimited.  
 
Configuring dynamic address allocation 
For dynamic address allocation, you must configure a DHCP address pool. For each address pool, you 
must specify one and only one address range, and the lease duration. A DHCP address pool can have 
only one lease duration. 
To avoid address conflicts, configure the DHCP server to exclude IP addresses used by the gateway or 
FTP server from dynamic allocation. 
Follow these guidelines when you configure dynamic address allocation for a common address pool: 
•
  In common address pool view, using the  network or network ip range  command repeatedly 
overwrites the previous configuration. 
•   After you exclude IP addresses from automatic allocation by using the  dhcp server forbidden-ip 
command, neither a common address pool nor an  extended address pool can assign these IP 
addresses through dynamic address allocation. 
•   Using the dhcp server forbidden-ip  command repeatedly can exclude multiple IP address ranges 
from allocation. 
To configure dynamic address allocation for a common address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter common address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  N/A 
3.  Specify a subnet.  network 
network-address  
[ mask-length  | mask  mask  ]  Not specified by default.
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    							 41 
Step Command Remarks 
4.  Specify the IP address range 
on the subnet for dynamic 
allocation.  network ip range 
min-address 
max-address   Optional. 
Not specified by default.  
5.
  Specify the address lease 
duration.  expired 
{ day  day  [ hour  hour 
[ minute  minute ] [ second  
second  ] ] | unlimited  }  Optional. 
One day by default. 
6.
  Return to system view. 
quit  N/A 
7.  Exclude IP addresses from 
automatic allocation.  dhcp server forbidden-ip 
low-ip-address [ high-ip-address
 ] Optional. 
Except IP addresses of the DHCP 
server interfaces, all addresses in 
the DHCP address pool are 
assignable by default. 
 
Configuring dynamic address allocation for an extended 
address pool 
After the assignable IP address range and the mask are specified, the address pool becomes valid. 
Extended address pools support dynamic address allocation only. Excluded IP addresses specified with 
the 
forbidden-ip  command in DHCP address pool view are not assignable in the current extended 
address pool, but are assignable in other address pools. 
To configure dynamic address allocation for an extended address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter extended address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
extended  N/A 
3.
  Specify the IP address 
range.  network ip range
 min-address 
max-address   Not specified by default. 
4.
  Specify the IP address mask. 
network mask mask   Not specified by default. 
5.  Specify the IP address range 
for the DHCP clients of a 
specified vendor.  vendor-class-identifier 
hex-string
&  ip range 
min-address max-address  Optional. 
Not configured by default.  
6.
  Specify the address lease 
duration.  expired 
{ day  day  [ hour  hour 
[  minute  minute  [ second  second  ] ] ] 
|  unlimited  }  Optional. 
One day by default. 
7.
  Exclude IP addresses from 
dynamic allocation.  forbidden-ip 
ip-address& Optional. 
Except IP addresses of the DHCP 
server interfaces, all addresses in 
the DHCP address pool are 
assignable by default.
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    							 42 
Configuring a domain name suffix for the client 
You can specify a domain name suffix in each DHCP address pool on the DHCP server to provide the 
clients with the domain name suffix. With this suffix assigned, the client only needs to input part of a 
domain name, and the system will add the domain name  suffix for name resolution. For more information 
about DNS, see Configuring IPv4 DNS. 
To configure a domain name suffix in the DHCP address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  N/A 
3.
  Specify a domain name suffix. 
domain-name domain-name  Not specified by default 
 
Configuring DNS servers for the client 
A DHCP client contacts a Domain Name System (DNS) server to resolve names. You can specify up to 
eight DNS servers in the DHCP address pool. 
To configure DNS servers in the DHCP address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  N/A 
3.
  Specify DNS servers. 
dns-list ip-address &  Not specified by default 
 
Configuring WINS servers and NetBIOS node type for the 
client 
A Microsoft DHCP client using NetBIOS protocol contacts a Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) 
server for name resolution. Therefore, the DHCP server should assign a WINS server address when 
assigning an IP address to the client. 
You can specify up to eight WINS servers in a DHCP address pool. 
You must also specify a NetBIOS node type in  a DHCP address pool. There are four NetBIOS node 
types: 
•   b (broadcast) -node —A b-node client sends the destinatio n name in a broadcast message. The 
destination returns its IP address to the client after receiving the message. 
•   p (peer-to-peer) -node —A p-node client sends the destination name in a unicast message to the 
WINS server, and the WINS server returns the destination IP address. 
•   m (mixed) -node —An m-node client broadcasts the destinatio n name. If it receives no response, it 
unicasts the destination name to the WINS  server to get the destination IP address. 
•   h (hybrid) -node —An h-node client unicasts the destination name to the WINS server. If it receives 
no response, it broadcasts the destinatio n name to get the destination IP address.
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    							 43 
To configure WINS servers and NetBIOS node type in the DHCP address pool:  
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  N/A 
3.
  Specify WINS server IP 
addresses.  nbns-list
 ip-address & Optional for b-node. 
No address is specified by default. 
4.
  Specify the NetBIOS node 
type.  netbios-type
 { b-node | h-node  
|  m-node  | p-node  }  Not specified by default. 
 
Configuring BIMS server information for the client 
The DHCP server must provides DHCP clients with the branch intelligent management system (BIMS) 
server IP address, port number, shared key from the DHCP address pool, to enable DHCP clients to 
perform regular software update and backup by using configuration files obtained from a BIMS server. 
To configure the BIMS server IP address, port number, and shared key in the DHCP address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.
  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  N/A 
3.
  Specify the BIMS server IP 
address, port number, and 
shared key.  bims-server ip
 ip-address [ port 
port-number  ] sharekey [ cipher | 
simple  ] key  Not specified by default 
 
Configuring gateways for the client 
You can specify up to eight gateways in a DHCP address pool. 
To configure the gateways in the DHCP address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.
  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  N/A 
3.
  Specify gateways. 
gateway-list ip-address&  No gateway is specified by 
default.
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    							 44 
Configuring Option 184 parameters for the client with voice 
service 
To assign voice calling parameters along with an IP address to DHCP clients with voice service, you must 
configure Option 184 on the DHCP server. For more information about Option 184, see  DHCP 
ove

rview .  
To configure option 184 parameters in the DHCP address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  N/A 
3.
  Specify the IP address of the 
primary network calling 
processor.  voice-config ncp-ip
 ip-address  Not specified by default. 
After you configure this command, 
the other Option 184 parameters 
take effect. 
4.
  Specify the IP address of the 
backup network calling 
processor.  voice-config as-ip
 ip-address  Optional. 
Not specified by default. 
5.
  Configure the voice VLAN.  voice-config voice-vlan
 vlan-id  
{  disable  | enable  }  Optional. 
Not configured by default. 
6.
  Specify the failover IP address 
and dialer string.  voice-config fail-over
 
ip-address  dialer-string  Optional. 
No failover IP address or dialer 
string is specified by default. 
 
Configuring the TFTP server and bootfile name for the client 
For the DHCP server to support client auto-configuration, you must specify the IP address or name of a 
TFTP server and the bootfile name in the DHCP
 address pool. You do not need to perform any 
configuration on the DHCP client.  
The DHCP client uses these parameters to contact the TFTP server and request the configuration file used 
for system initialization. 
1.  When a switch starts up without loading any config uration file, the system sets an active interface 
(such as the interface of the default VLAN ) as the  DHCP client to request from the DHCP server for 
parameters, such as an IP address and name  of a TFTP server, and the bootfile name. 
2. After getting related parameters, the DHCP clie nt will send a TFTP request to obtain the 
configuration file from the specified TFTP server for system initialization. If the client cannot get 
such parameters, it will perform system initiali zation without loading any configuration file. 
To configure the IP address and name of the TFTP server and the bootfile name in the DHCP address 
pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A
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    							 45 
Step Command Remarks 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  [ extended  ] N/A 
3.  Specify the IP address or 
name of the TFTP server. 
• Specify the TFTP server:  
tftp-server ip-address  ip-address 
•  Specify the name of the TFTP server:  
tftp-server domain-name  domain-name
 
Use either command. 
Not specified by default. 
4.   Specify the bootfile name. 
bootfile-name bootfile-name   Not specified by default. 
 
Specifying a server’s IP address for the DHCP client 
Some DHCP clients need to obtain configuration information from a server, such as a TFTP server. You 
can specify the IP address of that server in each address pool of the DHCP server. The DHCP server sends 
the server’s IP address to DHCP clients along with other configuration information. 
To specify the IP address of a server: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool 
pool-name 
[ extended  ]  N/A 
3.
  Specify the IP address of a 
server.  next-server 
ip-address  Not specified by default 
 
Configuring self-defined DHCP options  
 CAUTION: 
Be cautious when configuring self-defined DHCP options because such configuration may affect the DHCP
operation process. 
 
By configuring self-defined DHCP options, you can 
•
  Define new DHCP options. New configuration options will come out with DHCP development. To 
support these new options, you can add them in to the attribute list of the DHCP server. 
•   Define existing DHCP options. Vendors use Option 43 to define options that have no unified 
definitions in RFC 2132. The self-defined DHCP option enables DHCP clients to obtain 
vendor-specific information. 
•   Extend existing DHCP options. When the current DHCP options cannot meet the customers’ 
requirements (for example, you cannot use the  dns-list command to configure more than eight DNS 
server addresses), you can configure a self-defined option for extension. 
To configure a self-defined DHCP option in the DHCP address pool: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter DHCP address pool 
view.  dhcp server ip-pool
 pool-name  
[ extended  ]  N/A
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    							 46 
Step Command Remarks 
3.  Configure a self-defined 
DHCP option.  option 
code { ascii  ascii-string  | 
hex  hex-string & | 
ip-address  ip-address& } No DHCP option is configured by 
default. 
 
Table 2
 Description of common options 
O
ption Option name  Corresponding command Command parameter 
3 Router Option  gateway-list ip-address 
6  Domain Name Server Option dns-list ip-address 
15 Domain Name domain-name ascii 
44 NetBIOS over TCP/IP Name Server 
Option 
nbns-list ip-address 
46 NetBIOS over TCP/IP Node Type 
Option 
netbios-type hex 
66  TFTP server name 
tftp-server ascii 
67 Bootfile name bootfile-name ascii 
43  Vendor Specific Information  N/A  hex 
 
Enabling DHCP 
Enable DHCP before performing other configurations. 
To enable DHCP: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enable DHCP. 
dhcp enable  Disabled by default 
 
Enabling the DHCP server on an interface 
With the DHCP server enabled on an interface, upon receiving a client’s request, the DHCP server will 
assign an IP address from its address pool to the DHCP client. 
Configuration guidelines 
Follow these guidelines when you enable the DHCP server on an interface: 
•  If a DHCP relay agent exists between the DHCP se rver and client, the DHCP server, regardless of 
whether the subaddress  keyword is used, will select an IP addr ess from the address pool containing 
the primary IP address of the DHCP relay agent’s interface (connected to the client) for a requesting 
client. 
•   When the DHCP server and client are on the same subnet: 
{ With the keyword  subaddress specified, the DHCP server will preferably assign an IP address 
from an address pool that resides on the same subnet as the primary IP address of the server
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    							 47 
interface (connecting to the client). If the address pool contains no assignable IP address, the 
server assigns an IP address from an address pool that resides on the same subnet as the 
secondary IP addresses of the server interface.  If the interface has multiple secondary IP 
addresses, each address pool is tried in turn for address allocation. If the interface has no 
secondary IP addresses, the server is unable to assign an IP address to the client. 
{  Without the keyword  subaddress specified, the DHCP server can only assign an IP address 
from the address pool that resides on the same subnet as the primary IP address of the server 
interface. 
Configuration procedure 
To enable the DHCP server on an interface:  
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter interface view. 
interface interface-type interface-number N/A 
3.   Enable the DHCP server on 
an interface.  dhcp select server global-pool
 [ subaddress ] Optional. 
Enabled by default. 
 
Applying an extended address pool on an interface 
After you create an extended address pool and apply it on an interface, the DHCP server, upon receiving 
a clients request on the interface, attempts to assign the client the statically bound IP address first and 
then an IP address from the specified address pool. 
If no IP address is available in this address pool, 
address allocation fails, and the DHCP server will not assign the client any IP address from other address 
pools. 
Only an extended address pool can be applied on the  interface. The address pool to be referenced must 
already exist. 
To apply an extended address pool on an interface: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enter interface view.  interface
 interface-type 
interface-number   N/A 
3.
  Apply an extended 
address pool on the 
interface.  dhcp server apply ip-pool
 
pool-name   Optional. 
By default, the DHCP server has no 
extended address pool applied on its 
interface, and assigns an IP address from 
a common address pool to a requesting 
client.
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Configuring the DHCP server security functions 
Configuration prerequisites 
Before you configure the DHCP server security functions, complete the following tasks on the DHCP 
server: 
•  Enable DHCP. 
•   Configure the DHCP address pool. 
Enabling unauthorized DHCP server detection 
Unauthorized DHCP servers on a network may assign wrong IP addresses to DHCP clients. 
With unauthorized DHCP server detection enabled, the DHCP server checks whether a DHCP request 
contains Option 54 (Server Identifier Option). If yes, the DHCP server records the IP address of each 
detected DHCP server that assigned an IP address to a requesting DHCP client in the option, and records 
the receiving interface. The administrator can use this information to check for unauthorized DHCP 
servers. 
With the unauthorized DHCP server detection enabled, the switch logs each detected DHCP server once. 
The administrator can use the log information to find unauthorized DHCP servers. 
To enable unauthorized DHCP server detection: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.  Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Enable unauthorized DHCP 
server detection.  dhcp server detect 
Disabled by default 
 
Configuring IP address conflict detection 
With IP address conflict detection enabled, before assigning an IP address, the DHCP server pings that 
IP address by using ICMP. If the server receives a response within the specified period, it selects and 
pings another IP address. If it receives no response, the server continues to ping the IP address until the 
specified number of ping packets are sent. If still  no response is received, the server assigns the IP 
address to the requesting client. (The DHCP client  probes the IP address by sending gratuitous ARP 
packets.) 
To configure IP address conflict detection: 
 
Step Command Remarks 
1.   Enter system view. 
system-view  N/A 
2.  Specify the number of ping 
packets.  dhcp server ping packets
 
number   Optional. 
One ping packet by default. 
The value 
0 indicates that no ping 
operation is performed.
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