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HP 5500 Ei 5500 Si Switch Series Configuration Guide

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    							 139 
Verifying the configuration 
# Display the IPv6 interface settings on Switch A. All of the IPv6 global unicast addresses configured on 
the interface are displayed. 
[SwitchA] display ipv6 interface vlan-interface 2 
Vlan-interface2 current state :UP 
Line protocol current state :UP 
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::20F:E2FF:FE00:2 
  Global unicast address(es): 
    3001::1, subnet is 3001::/64 
  Joined group address(es): 
    FF02::1:FF00:0 
    FF02::1:FF00:1 
    FF02::1:FF00:2 
    FF02::2 
    FF02::1 
  MTU is 1500 bytes 
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1 
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds 
  ND retransmit interval is 1000 milliseconds 
  Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses 
IPv6 Packet statistics: 
  InReceives:                    25829 
  InTooShorts:                   0 
  InTruncatedPkts:               0 
  InHopLimitExceeds:             0 
  InBadHeaders:                  0 
  InBadOptions:                  0 
  ReasmReqds:                    0 
  ReasmOKs:                      0 
  InFragDrops:                   0 
  InFragTimeouts:                0 
  OutFragFails:                  0 
  InUnknownProtos:               0 
  InDelivers:                    47 
  OutRequests:                   89 
  OutForwDatagrams:              48 
  InNoRoutes:                    0 
  InTooBigErrors:                0 
  OutFragOKs:                    0 
  OutFragCreates:                0 
  InMcastPkts:                   6 
  InMcastNotMembers:             25747 
  OutMcastPkts:                  48 
  InAddrErrors:                  0 
  InDiscards:                    0 
  OutDiscards:                   0
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[SwitchA] display ipv6 interface vlan-interface 1 
Vlan-interface1 current state :UP 
Line protocol current state :UP 
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::20F:E2FF:FE00:1C0 
  Global unicast address(es): 
    2001::1, subnet is 2001::/64 
  Joined group address(es): 
    FF02::1:FF00:0 
    FF02::1:FF00:1 
    FF02::1:FF00:1C0 
    FF02::2 
    FF02::1 
  MTU is 1500 bytes 
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1 
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds 
  ND retransmit interval is 1000 milliseconds 
  ND advertised reachable time is 0 milliseconds 
  ND advertised retransmit interval is 0 milliseconds 
  ND router advertisements are sent every 600 seconds 
  ND router advertisements live for 1800 seconds 
  Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses 
IPv6 Packet statistics: 
  InReceives:                    272 
  InTooShorts:                   0 
  InTruncatedPkts:               0 
  InHopLimitExceeds:             0 
  InBadHeaders:                  0 
  InBadOptions:                  0 
  ReasmReqds:                    0 
  ReasmOKs:                      0 
  InFragDrops:                   0 
  InFragTimeouts:                0 
  OutFragFails:                  0 
  InUnknownProtos:               0 
  InDelivers:                    159 
  OutRequests:                   1012 
  OutForwDatagrams:              35 
  InNoRoutes:                    0 
  InTooBigErrors:                0 
  OutFragOKs:                    0 
  OutFragCreates:                0 
  InMcastPkts:                   79 
  InMcastNotMembers:             65 
  OutMcastPkts:                  938 
  InAddrErrors:                  0 
  InDiscards:                    0 
  OutDiscards:                   0
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    							 141 
# Display the IPv6 interface settings on Switch B. All the IPv6 global unicast addresses configured on the 
interface are displayed. 
[SwitchB] display ipv6 interface vlan-interface 2 
Vlan-interface2 current state :UP 
Line protocol current state :UP 
IPv6 is enabled, link-local address is FE80::20F:E2FF:FE00:1234 
  Global unicast address(es): 
    3001::2, subnet is 3001::/64 
  Joined group address(es): 
    FF02::1:FF00:0 
    FF02::1:FF00:2 
    FF02::1:FF00:1234 
    FF02::2 
    FF02::1 
  MTU is 1500 bytes 
  ND DAD is enabled, number of DAD attempts: 1 
  ND reachable time is 30000 milliseconds 
  ND retransmit interval is 1000 milliseconds 
  Hosts use stateless autoconfig for addresses 
IPv6 Packet statistics: 
  InReceives:                    117 
  InTooShorts:                   0 
  InTruncatedPkts:               0 
  InHopLimitExceeds:             0 
  InBadHeaders:                  0 
  InBadOptions:                  0 
  ReasmReqds:                    0 
  ReasmOKs:                      0 
  InFragDrops:                   0 
  InFragTimeouts:                0 
  OutFragFails:                  0 
  InUnknownProtos:               0 
  InDelivers:                    117 
  OutRequests:                   83 
  OutForwDatagrams:              0 
  InNoRoutes:                    0 
  InTooBigErrors:                0 
  OutFragOKs:                    0 
  OutFragCreates:                0 
  InMcastPkts:                   28 
  InMcastNotMembers:             0 
  OutMcastPkts:                  7 
  InAddrErrors:                  0 
  InDiscards:                    0 
  OutDiscards:                   0 
# Ping Switch A and Switch B on the host, and ping Swit ch A and the host on Switch B to verify that they 
are connected.
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 IMPORTANT: 
When you ping a link-local address, you should use the 
-i parameter to specify an interface for the 
link-local address. 
 
[SwitchB] ping ipv6 -c 1 3001::1 
  PING 3001::1 : 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break 
    Reply from 3001::1 
    bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=64  time = 2 ms 
 
  --- 3001::1 ping statistics --- 
    1 packet(s) transmitted 
    1 packet(s) received 
    0.00% packet loss 
    round-trip min/avg/max = 2/2/2 ms 
[SwitchB-Vlan-interface2] ping ipv6 -c 1 2001::15B:E0EA:3524:E791 
  PING 2001::15B:E0EA:3524:E791 : 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break \
    Reply from 2001::15B:E0EA:3524:E791 
    bytes=56 Sequence=1 hop limit=63  time = 3 ms 
 
  --- 2001::15B:E0EA:3524:E791 ping statistics --- 
    1 packet(s) transmitted 
    1 packet(s) received 
    0.00% packet loss 
    round-trip min/avg/max = 3/3/3 ms 
The output shows that Switch B can ping Switch A and the host. 
Troubleshooting IPv6 basics configuration 
Symptom 
The peer IPv6 address cannot be pinged. 
Solution 
1.  Use the  display current-configuration  c o m m a n d  i n  a n y  v i e w  o r  t h e   display this command in system 
view to verify that IPv6 is enabled. 
2.  Use the  display ipv6 interface  command in any view to verify that the IPv6 address of the interface 
is correct and the interface is up. 
3.  Use the  debugging ipv6 packet  command in user view to enable the debugging for IPv6 packets 
to help locate the cause.
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    							 143 
DHCPv6 overview 
Introduction to DHCPv6 
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6) was designed based on IPv6 addressing 
scheme and is used for assigning IPv6 prefixes, IPv6 addresses and other configuration parameters to 
hosts.  
Compared with other IPv6 address allocation methods (such as manual configuration and stateless 
address autoconfiguration), DHCPv6 can: 
•   Record addresses assigned to hosts and assign specific addresses to hosts, thus facilitating network 
management. 
•   Assign prefixes to devices, facilitating automa tic configuration and management of the entire 
network. 
•   Assign other configuration parameters, such as DNS server addresses and domain names. 
DHCPv6 address/prefix assignment 
A process of DHCPv6 address/prefix assignment involves two or four messages. The following describe 
the detailed processes. 
Rapid assignment involving two messages 
Figure 59  Rapid assignment involving two messages 
 
 
As shown in Figure 59, the r apid assignment involving two messages operates in the following steps. 
1. The DHCPv6 client sends out a Solicit message th at contains a Rapid Commit option, requesting 
that rapid assignment of address/prefix and other configuration parameters should be preferred. 
2.  If the DHCPv6 server supports rapid assignment, it responds with a Reply message containing the 
assigned IPv6 address/prefix and other configuration parameters.  If the DHCPv6 server does not 
support rapid assignment,  Assignment involving four messages  is i
 mplemented. 
Assignment involving four messages 
Figure 60 shows the process of IPv6 address/prefix assignment involving four messages.
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Figure 60 Assignment involving four messages 
 
 
The assignment involving four messages operates in the following steps: 
1. The DHCPv6 client sends out a Solicit message,  requesting an IPv6 address/prefix and other 
configuration parameters. 
2.  If the Solicit message does not contain a Rapid Co mmit option, or if the DHCPv6 server does not 
support rapid assignment even though the Soli cit message contains a Rapid Commit option, the 
DHCPv6 server responds with an Advertise  message, informing the DHCPv6 client of the 
assignable address/prefix and other configuration parameters. 
3.  The DHCPv6 client may receive multiple Advertise messages offered by diffe rent DHCPv6 servers. 
It then selects an offer according to the rece iving sequence and server priority, and sends a 
Request message to the selected server  for the confirmation of assignment. 
4. The DHCPv6 server sends a Reply message to the  client, confirming that the address/prefix and 
other configuration parameters are assigned to the client. 
Address/prefix lease renewal 
The IPv6 address/prefix assigned by the DHCPv6 server has a lease time, which depends on the valid 
lifetime. When the valid lifetime of the IPv6 address/prefix expires, the DHCPv6 client cannot use the 
IPv6 address/prefix any longer. To continue using  the IPv6 address/prefix, the DHCPv6 client has to 
renew the lease time. 
As shown in  Figure 61, at
  T1, the DHCPv6 client unicasts a Renew message to the DHCPv6 server that 
assigned the IPv6 address/prefix to the DHCPv6 client. The recommended value of T1 is half the 
preferred lifetime. Then the DHCPv6 server responds with a Reply message, informing the client about 
whether or not the lease is renewed. 
Figure 61  Using the Renew message for  address/prefix lease renewal 
 
 
As shown in Figure 62 , i f  the D HC P v6  cl ient re c eives  no  response  from the  D HC P v6  ser ver  af ter  sendi ng  
out a Renew message at T1, it multicasts a Rebind message to all DHCPv6 servers at T2 (that is, when 80% 
preferred lifetime expires). Then the DHCPv6 server responds with a Reply message, informing the client 
about whether or not the lease is renewed.
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    							 145 
If the DHCPv6 client receives no response from the DHCPv6 servers, the client stops using the 
address/prefix when the valid lifetime expires. For more information about the valid lifetime and the 
preferred lifetime, see Configuring IPv6 basics. 
Figure 62 Using the Rebind message for  address/prefix lease renewal 
 
 
Configuring stateless DHCPv6 
After obtaining an IPv6 address/prefix, a device can  use stateless DHCPv6 to obtain other configuration 
parameters from a DHCPv6 server. This applicat ion is called stateless DHCPv6 configuration. 
With an IPv6 address obtained through stateless  address autoconfiguration, a device automatically 
enables the stateless DHCPv6 function after it receives an RA message with the managed address 
configuration flag (M flag) set to 0 and with the ot her stateful configuration flag (O flag) set to 1. 
Stateless address autoconfiguration means that a no de automatically generates an IPv6 address based 
on the information obtained through router/prefix discovery. For more information, see Configuring 
IPv6 basics. 
Operation 
Figure 63  Operation of stateless DHCPv6 
 
 
As shown in Figure 63, stat eless DHCPv6 operates in the following steps: 
1. The DHCPv6 client multicasts an Information- request message to the multicast address of all 
DHCPv6 servers and DHCPv6 relay agents. The In formation-request message contains an Option 
Request option, specifying the configuration parameters that the client requests from the DHCPv6 
server. 
2.  After receiving the Information-request message,  the DHCPv6 server returns the client a Reply 
message containing the reques ted configuration parameters. 
3. The client checks the Reply message. If the  obtained configuration parameters match those 
requested in the Information-requ est message, the client performs network configuration with the
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    							 146 
parameters. If not, the client ignores the configuration parameters. If multiple replies are received, 
the first received reply will be used. 
Protocols and standards 
•   RFC 3736,  Stateless Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Service for IPv6  
•   RFC 3315,  Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)  
•   RFC 2462,  IPv6 Stateless Address Autoconfiguration  
•   RFC 3633,  IPv6 Prefix Options for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) version 6
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    							 147 
Configuring DHCPv6 server 
Overview 
As shown in Figure 64, the DHCPv6 server assigns the DHCPv6 client an IPv6 prefix to facilitate IPv6 
address management and network configuration. After obtaining the IPv6 prefix, the DHCPv6 client 
sends an RA message containing the prefix information to  the subnet where it resides, so that hosts on the 
subnet can automatically configure their IPv6 addresses by using the prefix. 
A device serving as a DHCPv6 server assigns DHCPv6 clients IPv6 prefixes, but not IPv6 addresses, and 
supports DHCPv6 stateless configuration to  assign other configuration parameters. 
Figure 64  Typical DHCPv6 server application 
 
 
Concepts 
DHCPv6 multicast address 
The multicast address FF05::1:3 identifies all DHCPv6 servers on the site-local network. The multicast 
address FF02::1:2 identifies all DHCPv6 servers  and relay agents on the link-local link.  
DUID 
A DHCP unique identifier (DUID) uniquely identifies a DHCPv6 device (DHCPv6 client, server, or relay 
agent). 
Figure 65 DUID-LL format
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A DUID based on link-layer address (DUID-LL) defined in RFC 3315 is used to identify a DHCPv6 
device. Figure 65  sh
 ows the DUID-LL format, where: 
•   DUID type —The device supports DUID-LL as the DUID type with the value of 0x0003. 
•   Hardware type —The device supports Ethernet as the hardware type with the value of 0x0001. 
•   Link layer address —Its value is the bridge MAC address of the device. 
IA 
Identified by an IAID, an Identity Association (IA) provides a construct through which the obtained 
addresses, prefixes, and other configuration parameters assigned from a server to a client are managed. 
A client can maintain multiple IAs, each of which is  configured on an interface to manage the addresses, 
prefixes, and other configuration parameters obtained by that interface. 
IAID 
An IAID uniquely identifies an IA. It is chosen by the client and must be unique among the IAIDs on the 
client. 
PD 
The Prefix Delegation (PD) is the lease record created by the DHCPv6 server for each assigned prefix. The 
PD contains information such as the IPv6 prefix, clie nt DUID, IAID, valid lifetime, preferred lifetime, lease 
expiration time, and the IPv6 address of the requesting client. 
Prefix selection process 
Upon receiving a request, the DHCPv6 server select s the prefix and other configuration parameters from 
the address pool that is applied to the interface receiving the request. An address pool may contain the 
static prefixes configured for specific clients, or have a prefix pool referenced for dynamic assignment 
from the specific prefix range. 
A DHCPv6 server selects a prefix from the address pool according to the following sequence: 
1.  The desired static prefix with the DUID  and IAID matching those of the client 
2. The static prefix with the DUID and IAID matching those of the client 
3. The desired static prefix with the DUID matching th e client’s DUID and with no client IAID specified 
4. The static prefix with the DUID matching the cl ient’s DUID and with no client IAID specified 
5. The desired idle prefix in the prefix pool 
6. An idle prefix in the prefix pool 
DHCPv6 server configuration task list 
Before you configure the DHCPv6 server, enable IPv6 by using the  ipv6 command.  
Task Remarks 
Enabling the DHCPv6 server  Required 
Creating a prefix pool Required 
Configuring a DHCPv6 address pool Required 
Applying the address pool to an interface Required 
Setting the DSCP value for DHCPv6 packets Optional
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