Home > Land Rover > Automobile > Land Rover Defender 1999 2002my Workshop Supplement Body Repair 3rd Edition Rover Manual

Land Rover Defender 1999 2002my Workshop Supplement Body Repair 3rd Edition Rover Manual

    Download as PDF Print this page Share this page

    Have a look at the manual Land Rover Defender 1999 2002my Workshop Supplement Body Repair 3rd Edition Rover Manual online for free. It’s possible to download the document as PDF or print. UserManuals.tech offer 364 Land Rover manuals and user’s guides for free. Share the user manual or guide on Facebook, Twitter or Google+.

    Page
    of 667
    							12ENGINE
    26
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION Fuel connector block
    Type A - Non EU3 Models - Engine Serial No. Prefixes 10P to 14P
    Type B - EU3 Models - Engine Serial No. Prefixes 15P to 19P
    1.Fuel connector block assembly
    2.Outlet stub pipe
    3.Stub pipe - to fuel cooler4.Fuel temperature sensor
    5.Fuel pressure regulator
    6.Spill return fuel connection (EU3 models only)
    A cast and machined aluminium alloy fuel connector block assembly is located at the rear RH side of the cylinder
    head, attached by three flanged bolts. A metal gasket is used to seal the faces between the fuel connector block
    and the cylinder head, which must be replaced every time the fuel connector block is removed.
    CAUTION: The cylinder head incorporates drillings for the fuel injection system, any
    contamination which enters these drillings could cause engine running problems or injector
    failure. It is therefore, essential that absolute cleanliness is maintained when carrying out work on
    the cylinder head.
    CAUTION: The valve heads, tips of the injectors and glow plugs protrude below the face of the
    cylinder head and will be damaged if the cylinder head is stored face down.
    Camshaft carrier
    The cast aluminium alloy camshaft carrier is bolted to the cylinder head by thirteen screws. The camshaft carrier
    and cylinder head assembly is attached to the cylinder block by twelve cylinder head retaining bolts which pass
    through the camshaft carrier and the cylinder head to secure the assembly to the cylinder block.
    The carrier is machined together with the cylinder head to form a matched pair for carrying the camshaft.
    Non-return valve
    A non-return valve is located at the front, bottom LH side of the cylinder head. The non-return valve prevents oil
    from draining from the lash adjusters and is an integral component within the cylinder head and is
    non-serviceable. 
    						
    							ENGINE
    27
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION Camshaft
    The camshaft is machined from cast steel and is located between the cylinder head and the camshaft carrier and
    the six bearing journals are line bored between the two components to form a matched pair. The machined
    camshaft has 15 lobes. Ten lobes operate the inlet and exhaust valves through hydraulic lash adjusters and finger
    followers which are located below the camshaft. Five larger lobes activate the injector rockers which are located
    above the camshaft on the rocker shaft and are used to generate fuel pressure in the EUI injectors.
    The camshaft sprocket is driven via a Duplex chain connected to the crankshaft sprocket at a speed ratio of 2:1.
    The camshaft sprocket is fixed to the front end of the camshaft by three bolts.
    Camshaft lubrication is by splash and channel fed via pressurised oil flowing through galleries in the cylinder head.
    Rocker shaft and rocker arms
    Type A - Non EU3 Models - Engine Serial No. Prefixes 10P to 14P
    Type B - EU3 Models - Engine Serial No. Prefixes 15P to 19p
    1.Rocker arm adjusting screw
    2.Rocker shaft
    3.Rocker arm
    4.EUI pin and roller assembly
    5.Roller pin retention slug6.Camshaft lobe
    7.Injector spring
    8.Injector push-rod
    9.Adjusting nut
    The hollow rocker shaft is located in the camshaft carrier in six fixed mountings which sit above the camshaft. Six
    bolts are used to lock the rocker shaft to the camshaft carrier. The front rocker shaft bearing has a ring dowel
    located at the front rocker shaft mounting of the camshaft carrier for rocker shaft alignment. Two circlips hold each
    rocker arm in position at the relevant positions on the rocker shaft.
    CAUTION: The rocker shaft from a pre EU3 engine must not be fitted to an EU3 engine. This is
    because the stroke of the EU3 injector has increased which requires the rocker to articulate over a
    larger angle.
    The camshaft end of each rocker arm features a roller which is free to rotate about a pin which passes through
    two webs in the rocker arm, the roller pins are held in place by an interference fit retention slug passing through a
    hole in the front web of each rocker arm.
    To correctly function against the higher loads of the EU3 engine the geometry of the contact between the injector
    pushrod and rocker arm adjusting screw has been modified. Both designs of adjusting screw are separately
    available, with the EU3 version identified by an engraved dimple on the slotted end.
    Rocker shaft and rocker arm lubrication is by splash and channel fed via pressurised oil flowing through galleries
    in the cylinder head and through the rocker shaft. 
    						
    							12ENGINE
    28
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION Inlet and exhaust valves
    The inlet and exhaust valves are mounted directly above the engine block cylinders.
    Each valve is a forged and ground solid one-piece head and stem which is hardened by heat treatment. The
    stems are chrome-plated then ground for improved heat transfer, wear resistance and smooth operation. It is not
    possible to recut the valve’s face angle, but the valves can be lapped to their seats using grinding paste.
    The valve springs are made from spring steel and are of the parallel single-coil type. The bottom end of the spring
    rests on the flange of a spring seal which has a centre bore that locates on a recess ground into the lower valve
    stem. The top end of the spring is held in place by a spring cap which is held in position at the top end of the valve
    stem by split taper collets. The taper collets have grooves on the internal bore that locate in grooves ground into
    the upper stems of the valves.
    The valve seats and valve guides are sintered and are an interference fit into the cylinder head. The valve seats
    and guides are non-serviceable.
    Finger followers and lash adjusters
    1.Valve stem
    2.Finger follower
    3.Lash adjuster plunger4.Oil supply hole
    5.Lash adjuster body
    The valves are operated through finger followers and lash adjusters, actuated by the camshaft lobes. When the
    camshaft lobe presses down on the top of a finger follower roller mechanism, the respective valve is forced down
    opening the inlet or exhaust port.
    The lash adjuster body contains a plunger and two chambers for oil feed and pressurised oil. Pressurised oil is
    supplied to the lash adjusters via the oil galleries in the cylinder head and through a hole in the side of the lash
    adjuster body. The oil passes into a feed chamber in the lash adjuster then through to a separate pressure
    chamber via a one way ball valve. Oil flow from the pressure chamber is determined by the amount of clearance
    between the lash adjuster outer body and the centre plunger, oil escapes up the side of the plunger every time the
    lash adjuster is operated, the downward pressure on the plunger forcing a corresponding amount of oil in the lash
    adjuster body to be displaced. When the downward pressure from the camshaft and finger follower is removed
    (i.e. after the trailing flank of the camshaft lobe has passed), oil pressure forces the lash adjuster’s plunger up
    again. This pressure is not sufficient to effect the valve operation, but eliminates the clearance between the finger
    follower and top of the valve stem. 
    						
    							ENGINE
    29
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION Timing chain guides
    1.Hydraulic tensioner
    2.Adjustable tensioner arm
    3.Duplex timing chain4.Camshaft sprocket
    5.Fixed tensioner arm
    6.Crankshaft sprocket
    The crankshaft sprocket to camshaft sprocket timing chain is held taut by a tensioner arm acting on the slack side
    of the chain. The tensioner is automatically adjusted by means of an hydraulically operated tensioner adjuster.
    The drive side of the chain has a plastic guide attached to the front face of the cylinder block. The fixed guide is
    attached to the front of the engine block by two bolts. The tensioner arm is fixed to the front of the cylinder block
    by a single pivot bolt which allows the tensioner arm to pivot about its axis.
    NOTE: The adjustable tensioner arm is not interchangeable between pre-EU3 and EU3 vehicles
    due to a change in geometry on the EU3 version. 
    						
    							12ENGINE
    30
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION CAMSHAFT COVER COMPONENTS
    The camshaft cover cover components are described below:
    Camshaft cover
    The camshaft cover is cast from aluminium alloy and is fixed to the camshaft carrier / cylinder head assembly by
    thirteen bolts. The cover has spacers and sealing washers inserted into each of the thirteen bolt holes.
    A breather hose is connected to a port at the top of the camshaft cover by means of a hose clip which vents
    crankcase gases back to the air intake via a breather valve in the air intake tract, located forward of the
    turbocharger in the flexible air intake duct.
    A rubber seal is fitted between the camshaft cover and camshaft carrier.
    An oil filler aperture is included in the top of the camshaft cover, which is sealed with a plastic cap with integral
    rubber seal.
    CAMSHAFT TIMING CHAIN COMPONENTS
    The timing chain cover and timing chain components are described below:
    Timing chain cover
    The timing chain cover is cast and machined aluminium alloy and is attached to the cylinder head by a bolt at the
    RH top of the cover and by a stud and nut at the LH top of the cover. Eight screws are used to attach the timing
    chain cover to the front of the engine block. The timing cover is located to the cylinder block front face by two
    dowels.
    A viscous fan is attached to an idler pulley at the front of the engine block. The fan bearing is located on a shaft
    and held in place by a circlip and a bearing flange, the inner race of the fan bearing is an interference fit on the
    shaft. The fan idler pulley is attached to the bearing hub by three bolts and the fan itself is secured to the pulley
    and bearing shaft by a left-hand threaded nut.
    The front of the crankshaft passes through a hole in the lower part of the timing cover. An oil seal is pressed into a
    recess in the front of the timing cover to seal the interface between the front of the crankshaft and the timing
    cover.
    A stub pipe is fitted to the front RH side of the timing cover which is used to attach the oil drain pipe from the
    vacuum pump by means of a hose and spring clip.
    Timing chains
    The timing chain between the camshaft and crankshaft sprockets is a duplex type, each chain having 56 links.
    The timing chain is contained between a fixed plastic guide and an hydraulically adjustable plastic tensioner arm
    which are attached to the front of the engine block.
    To cope with the higher injection loads of the EU3 engine, the timing drive between the camshaft and crankshaft
    has been upgraded. This requires thicker chain links to be used, therefore the individual pre EU3 and EU3
    components are not interchangeable.
    To distinguish between the two timing chains the links are different colours. A pre EU3 chain has blue links. An
    EU3 chain has bronze links.
    The oil pump timing chain is a single type and traverses the oil pump sprocket and the rear crankshaft sprocket.
    The timing chains are oil lubricated, with oil being provided by a chain lubrication jet and from oil flow returning
    back to the sump from the cylinder head. An oil hole is included at the front left hand side of the cylinder head
    which supplies oil from the cylinder head oil galleries. 
    						
    							ENGINE
    31
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION Tensioner adjuster
    1.Oil supply hole
    2.Tensioner adjuster body3.Tensioner adjuster plunger
    4.Sealing ring
    The tensioner adjuster is hydraulically operated, oil enters the adjuster from the pressurised oil supply flowing
    through the cylinder head to operate a plunger which pushes against a pivoting plastic tensioner arm. The lateral
    movement in the tensioner arm causes the timing chain to tension and consequently compensation for chain
    flutter and timing chain wear is automatically controlled. The adjuster is located at the front right hand side of the
    cylinder head, just above the timing chain cover and below the vacuum pump oil feed port. The adjuster body is
    threaded and screws into a tapping in the cylinder head. Holes are contained in the adjuster body to receive oil
    from the cylinder head galleries, the oil pressure is used to force the plunger out of the adjuster body to press the
    tensioner arm against the timing chain and so using the oil trapped in the adjuster body to act as a damper.
    The internal damping of the hydraulic tensioner is tuned for each application. This means that pre-EU3 and EU3
    components are not interchangeable.
    Drive train sprockets
    The camshaft sprocket has a double row of teeth which locate with the duplex timing chain. The sprocket is fitted
    to the camshaft by three bolts.
    The oil pump sprocket is located on the front of the oil pump housing by a single retaining bolt. The sprocket has a
    single row of teeth which locates with the oil pump drive chain.
    The crankshaft sprocket contains three rows of teeth, the rear row locates on the single oil pump chain and the
    front two rows locate with the duplex timing chain. The crankshaft sprocket has a slot in its internal diameter which
    locates with the Woodruff key on the crankshaft. The front of the crankshaft sprocket has a timing mark.
    As a consequence of thicker chain links being used on EU3 vehicles, the thickness of the camshaft and crankshaft
    sprocket teeth has been reduced. Individual pre-EU3 and EU3 components are therefore not interchangeable. 
    						
    							12ENGINE
    32
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION CYLINDER BLOCK FLOW 
    						
    							ENGINE
    33
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 1.Oil squirt jets (5 off)
    2.Main oil delivery gallery
    3.Inflow from oil cooler housing
    4.Flow to oil cooler / filters (from oil pump via cylinder block)
    5.Sump
    6.Oil pick-up pipe
    7.Flow from oil pump (relief-valve in housing)
    8.Oil pump
    9.Cross-drilling supply to main and crankshaft bearings
    10.To cylinder head
    Oil from the sump is drawn up through a two-piece plastic pick-up which contains a mesh to siphon any relatively
    large pieces of material which could cause damage to the pump. The head of the pick-up is centrally immersed in
    the sump oil and oil is delivered to the inlet side of the eccentric rotor pump through a gallery in the stiffener plate.
    Pressurised oil from the pump is passed through to the cylinder block where it is delivered to the centrifuge filter
    and full-flow filter via a port in the RH cylinder block which interfaces with a port in the centre gallery of the oil
    cooler housing. The oil pump contains an oil pressure relief valve which opens to allow oil to be recirculated back
    around the pump if the oil pressure increases to a high enough level.
    10% of the oil flow from the pump is diverted through the centrifuge filter and returned to the sump via the
    centrifuge filter drain tube. The remaining 90% of the oil passes through the standard full-flow filter to the main oil
    gallery in the cylinder block. 
    						
    							12ENGINE
    34
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION OIL COOLER / FILTER FLOW
    (THERMOSTAT OPEN) 
    						
    							ENGINE
    35
    DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 1.To cylinder block main gallery (from rear of oil cooler housing)
    2.Oil cooler housing
    3.Oil pressure switch
    4.Full-flow filter
    5.Centrifuge filter
    6.Return to sump
    7.Flow from oil pump (via cylinder block)
    8.Oil cooler matrix
    When the engine temperature is below 74°C, the thermostat in the full-flow filter adaptor housing is closed and a
    proportion of the oil flow to the main oil gallery is diverted to the oil cooler to supply an oil feed to the turbocharger
    bearings. Oil passes through the oil cooler to the front gallery in the oil cooler housing where there is a tapping to
    connect the feed pipe to the turbocharger. Oil used by the turbocharger bearings is returned to the sump through
    an oil drain pipe which connects to a port in the LH side of the cylinder block.
    The remainder of the oil flow leaving the full-flow filter outlet is passed into the cylinder block via a port at the rear
    of oil cooler rear gallery.
    When the oil temperature rises above 74°C the thermostat in the full-flow filter housing begins to open to allow a
    proportion of the oil from the full-flow filter to pass through the oil cooler before it reaches the main oil gallery in the
    cylinder block. In this instance, oil supply to the turbocharger bearings is fed directly from the full-flow filter without
    first passing through the oil cooler. Between 74°C and 88°C the thermostat valve plunger opens by about 9 mm
    (0.3 in) to allow proportionally more oil to flow through the oil cooler before being passed to the cylinder block main
    oil delivery gallery. Above 88°C the thermostat valve continues to open by about 1mm (0.03 in) for every 10°C
    increase in temperature until the valve is fully open, when all the oil flow to the cylinder block is forced to pass to
    the cylinder block via the oil cooler.
    An oil pressure switch is located in a port in the rear gallery of the oil cooler housing to sense the oil pressure level
    before flow enters the main oil gallery in the engine block. A warning lamp in the instrument cluster is switched on
    if the oil pressure is detected as being too low.
    Drillings from the cylinder block main oil gallery direct oil to the crankshaft main bearings and cross drillings in the
    crankshaft direct oil to the big-end bearings. An additional five drillings in the cylinder block supply oil at reduced
    pressure to the oil squirt jets for piston cooling and gudgeon pin lubrication.
    Oil supply from the cylinder block is then passed to the cylinder head galleries through a non-return valve which is
    included as an integral item in the lower face of the cylinder head. 
    						
    All Land Rover manuals Comments (0)

    Related Manuals for Land Rover Defender 1999 2002my Workshop Supplement Body Repair 3rd Edition Rover Manual