Garmin G1000 Manual

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850 17
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
1.6 SYSTEM OPERATION
The displays are connected together via a single Ethernet bus, thus allowing for high-speed communication.  
As shown in Figure 1-1, each GIA 63W is connected to the on-side PFD.  This section discusses the normal and 
reversionary modes of operation as well as the various AHRS modes of the G1000 syst\
em.
NORMAL OPERATION
PFD
In normal mode, the PFD presents graphical flight instrumentation (attitude, heading, airspeed,\
 altitude 
and vertical speed), thereby replacing the traditional flight instrument cluster.  The PFD also offers control for 
COM and NAV frequency selection.
MFD
In normal mode, the right portion of the MFD displays a full-color moving map with navigation information, 
while the left portion of the MFD is dedicated to the Engine Indication \
and Crew Alerting System (EICAS).
Figure 1-9 gives an example of the G1000 displays in normal mode.
Figure 1-9  Normal Operation
MFD
 PFD1
PFD2  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A18
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
REVERSIONARY MODE
 NOTE: The G1000 system alerts the pilot when backup paths are utilized by the L\
RUs.  Refer to the Appendices 
for further information regarding system-specific alerts.
Reversionary mode is a mode of operation in which all important flight informatio\
n is presented identically 
on at least one of the remaining displays (see Figure 1-10).  Transition to reversionary mode should be 
straightforward for the pilot, for flight parameters are presented in the same format as in normal mode.
Figure 1-10  Reversionary Mode (Manual)
Reversionary mode is activated by pressing the dedicated DISPLAY BACKUP button at the bottom of the 
audio panel (see Figure 1-11 and refer to the Audio Panel section for further details).  Pressing this button again 
deactivates reversionary mode.
Figure 1-11  DISPLAY BACKUP Button
Pressing the DISPLAY 
BACKUP button activates/
deactivates reversionary 
mode for both the on-side 
PFD and the MFD.
Each display can be configured to operate in reversionary mode, as follows:
•	PFD1 – By pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button on the left audio panel.
•	MFD – By pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button on the left or the right audio panel.
•	PFD2 – By pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button on the right audio panel.
Should the connection between a PFD and the on-side GIA 63W become inope\
rative, the on-side GIA 63W 
can no longer communicate with the remaining PFD (refer to Figure 1-1).  As a result, the NAV and COM 
functions provided to the failed PFD by the on-side GIA 63W are flagged as invalid (red “x”) on the remaining 
PFD (see Figure 1-12).
Figure 1-12  Inoperative Input (NAV1 Shown)  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850 19
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
AHRS OPERATION
 NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for specific AHRS alert information.
 NOTE: Aggressive maneuvering while the AHRS is not operating normally can degrade AHRS accuracy.
In addition to using internal sensors, the GRS 77 AHRS uses GPS information, magnetic field data\
 and air 
data to assist in attitude/heading calculations.  In normal mode, the AHRS relies upon GPS and magnetic 
field measurements.  If either of these external measurements is unavailable or invalid, the AHRS uses air 
data information for attitude determination.  Four AHRS modes of operati\
on are available (see Figure 1-13) 
and depend upon the combination of available sensor inputs.  Loss of air data, GPS, or magnetometer sensor 
inputs is communicated to the pilot by message advisory alerts.
The AHRS (GRS 77) corrects for shifts and variations in the Earth’s magnetic field by applying the Magnetic 
Field Variation Database. The Magnetic Field Variation Database is derived from the International Geomagnetic 
Reference Field (IGRF). The IGRF is a mathematical model that describes the\
 Earth’s main magnetic field 
and its annual rate of change. The database is updated approximately every 5 years. See the Appendices for 
information on updating the Magnetic Field Variation Database. The system will prompt you on startup when 
an update is available. Failure to update this database could lead to erroneous heading information being 
displayed to the pilot.
Attitude/Heading Invalid
AHRS
no-GP S
ModeAHRS Normal OperationAHRS no-
Mag Mode AHRS no-Mag/
no-Air Mode
Heading Invalid
av ailab leavailab leunavailab le
una vailab le
availab leunavailab leuna vailab leavailab le
Air Data
Magnetometer Data
unavailab leavailab le
GPS Data
Magnetometer Data
Air Data
Figure 1-13  AHRS Operation  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A20
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
GPS INPUT FAILURE
 NOTE: In-flight initialization of AHRS, when operating without any valid source of GPS data and at true 
air speed values greater than approximately 200 knots, is not guaranteed.  Under these rare conditions, it 
is possible for in-flight AHRS initialization to take an indefinite amount of time which would result in an 
extended period of time where valid AHRS outputs are unavailable.
The G1000 system provides two sources of GPS information.  If a single GPS receiver fails, or if the 
information provided from one of the GPS receivers is unreliable, the AHRS seamlessly transitions to using 
the other GPS receiver.  An alert message informs the pilot of the use of the backup GPS path.\
  If both 
GPS inputs fail, the AHRS continues to operate in reversionary No-GPS mode so long as the air data and 
magnetometer inputs are available and valid.
AIR DATA INPUT FAILURE
A failure of the air data input has no effect on AHRS output while AHRS is operating in normal mode.  A 
failure of the air data input while the AHRS is operating in reversionary No-GPS mode results in invalid 
attitude and heading information on the PFD (as indicated by red “x” flags).
MAGNETOMETER FAILURE
If the magnetometer input fails, the AHRS transitions to one of the reversionary No-Magnetometer modes 
and continues to output valid attitude information.  However, if the aircraft is airborne, the heading output 
on the PFD does become invalid (as indicated by a red “x”).  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850 21
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
G1000 SYSTEM ANNUNCIATIONS
 NOTE: For a detailed description of all annunciations and alerts, refer to Appendix A.  Refer to the Airplane 
Flight Manual (AFM) for additional information regarding pilot respons\
es to these annunciations.
When an LRU or an LRU function fails, a large red ‘X’ is typically displayed on windows associated with 
the failed data (Figure 1-14 displays all possible flags and responsible LRUs).  Upon G1000 power-up, certain 
windows remain invalid as equipment begins to initialize.  All windows should be \
operational within one 
minute of power-up.  If any window remains flagged, the G1000 System should be serviced by a Garmin-
authorized repair facility.
Figure 1-14  G1000 System Failure Annunciations
GDC 74B Air 
Data Computer
GTX 33/D Transponder
Or
GIA 63W Integrated 
Avionics Units
GDC 74B Air 
Data Computer
GEA 71 Engine Airframe Unit Or
GIA 63W 
Integrated 
Avionics Unit
GIA 63W Integrated 
Avionics Units
GRS 77 AHRS
Or
GMU 44  
Magnetometer
GIA 63W Integrated 
Avionics Units
GIA 63W Integrated 
Avionics Units  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A22
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
SOFTKEY FUNCTION
The softkeys are located along the bottoms of the displays.  The softkeys shown depend \
on the softkey level 
or page being displayed.  The bezel keys below the softkeys can be used \
to select the appropriate softkey.  When 
a softkey is selected, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned 
off, at which time it reverts to white text on black background.
Softkey Names (displayed)
Figure 1-15  Softkeys (Level 2 PFD Configuration) Bezel-Mounted Softkeys (press)
Softkey On
Another means of selecting softkeys is by using the MFD/PFD Control Unit:
To select a softkey using the MFD Control Unit:
1) Move the softkey selection box to the desired softkey using the arrows of the SEL Key.
2) Press the center of the SEL Key to select the desired softkey.
PFD SOFTKEYS
The CDI, IDENT, TMR/REF, NRST, and MSG Softkeys undergo a momentary change to black text on gray 
background and automatically switch back to white text on black background when selected.  If messages 
remain after acknowledgement, the MSG Softkey is black on white.
The PFD softkeys provide control over flight management functions, including GPS, NAV, terrain, traffic, 
and lightning (optional).  Each softkey sublevel has a BACK Softkey which can be pressed to return to the 
previous level.  The MSG Softkey is visible in all softkey levels.  For the top level softkeys a\
nd the transponder 
(XPDR) levels, the IDENT Softkey remains visible.
Level 1Level 2Level 3Description
INSETDisplays Inset Map in PFD lower left corner
OFFRemoves Inset Map
DCLTR (3)Selects desired amount of map detail; cycles through declutter 
levels:
 
DCLTR (No Declutter): All map features visible
 DCLTR-1: Declutters land data
 DCLTR-2: Declutters land and SUA data
 DCLTR-3: Removes all except the active flight plan
WX LGNDDisplays icon and age on the Inset Map for the selected weather 
products (optional)
TRAFFICCycles through traffic display options:
TRFC-1: Traffic displayed on inset map
TRFC-2: Traffic Map Page is displayed in the inset map window
TOPODisplays topographical data (e.g., coastlines, terrain, rivers, lakes)\
 
and elevation scale on Inset Map  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850 23
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Level 1Level 2Level 3Description
TERRAINDisplays terrain information on Inset Map
NEXRAD
or
PRECIP
Displays NEXRAD weather and coverage information on Inset Map 
(optional)
Displays GFDS precipitation on Inset Map (optional)
XM LTNG
or
DL LTNG
Displays XM WX lightning information on Inset Map (optional)
Displays GFDS Worldwide Weather lightning information on Inset 
Map (optional)
METARDisplays METAR flags on airport symbols shown on the Inset Map 
(optional)
SENSORDisplays softkeys selecting the #1 and #2 sensors
ADC1Selects the #1 Air Data Computer
ADC2Selects the #2 Air Data Computer
AHRS1Selects the #1 AHRS
AHRS2Selects the #2 AHRS
PFDDisplays second-level softkeys for additional PFD configurations
SYN VISDisplays the softkeys for enabling or disabling Synthetic Vision 
features
PATHWAYDisplays rectangular boxes representing the horizontal and 
vertical flight path of the active flight plan
SYN TERREnables synthetic terrain depiction
HRZN HDGDisplays compass heading along the Zero-Pitch line
APTSIGNSDisplays position markers for airports within approximately 
15 nm of the current aircraft position.  Airport identifiers are 
displayed when the airport is within approximately 9 nm.
DFLTSResets PFD to default settings, including changing units to 
standard
WINDDisplays softkeys to select wind data parameters
OPTN 1Wind direction arrows with headwind/tailwind and crosswind 
components
OPTN 2Wind direction arrow and speed
OPTN 3Wind direction arrow with headwind/tailwind and crosswind 
components
OFFInformation not displayed
DMEDisplays the DME information window
BRG1Cycles the Bearing 1 Information Window through NAV1, GPS/ 
waypoint identifier and GPS-derived distance information, and 
ADF/frequency.
HSI FRMTProvides access to the HSI formatting softkeys  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A24
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Level 1Level 2Level 3Description
360 HSIDisplays the HSI in a 360 degree view
ARC HSIDisplays the HSI as an arc
BRG2Cycles the Bearing 2 Information Window through NAV2 or GPS 
waypoint identifier and GPS-derived distance information, and 
ADF/frequency.
ALT UNITDisplays softkeys for setting the altimeter and BARO settings to 
metric units
METERSWhen enabled, displays altimeter in meters
INSelect to display the BARO setting as inches of mercury
H PASelect to display the BARO setting as hectopacals
STD BAROSets barometric pressure to 29.92 in Hg (1013 hPa if metric units 
are selected)
OBSSelects OBS mode on the CDI when navigating by GPS (only 
available with active leg)
CDICycles through GPS, VOR1, and VOR2 navigation modes on the 
CDI
ADF/DMEDisplays the ADF/DME Tuning Window, allowing tuning of the 
ADF, ADF Mode selection, ADF volume control, and selection of 
the DME
XPDRDisplays transponder mode selection softkeys
XPDR1Selects the #1 transponder as active
XPDR2Selects the #2 transponder as active
STBYSelects standby mode (transponder does not reply to any 
interrogations)
ONSelects Mode A (transponder replies to interrogations)
A LTSelects Mode C – altitude reporting mode (transponder replies to 
identification and altitude interrogations)
GNDManually selects Ground Mode, the transponder does not allow 
Mode A and Mode C replies, but it does permit acquisition 
squitter and replies to discretely addressed Mode S interrogations
VFRAutomatically enters the VFR code (1200 in the U.S.A. only)
CODEDisplays transponder code selection softkeys 0-7
0 — 7Use numbers to enter code
BKSPRemoves numbers entered, one at a time
IDENTActivates the Special Position Identification (SPI) pulse for 18 
seconds, identifying the transponder return on the ATC screen
TMR/REFDisplays Timer/References Window
NRSTDisplays Nearest Airports Window
MSGDisplays Messages Window  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850 25
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Figure 1-16  Top Level PFD Softkeys
Figure 1-17  INSET Softkeys
TRFC-1 
TRFC-2 Select the BACK Softkey 
to return to the top-level softkeys. 
STRMSCPWX LGND METAR
(optional)
or
PRECIP(optional)
or
DL
  LT NG
Figure 1-18  SENSOR Softkeys
Press the BACK  Softkey to
return to the top level softkeys.
BACKMSGADC2ADC1AHRS1AHRS2  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A26
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Figure 1-19  PFD Configuration Softkeys
Select the BACK Softkey
to return to the top-level softkeys
AL T UNIT  
METERS  IN HPA 
     ADF/DME  
BACK 360 HSI ARC HSI 
HSI FMT SYN VIS 
SYN TERR 
HRZN HDG  
PAT
HWAY 
APTSIGNS 
Figure 1-20  XPDR Softkeys
Press the BACK Softkey to return
to the top-level softkeys.
Press the BACK  Softkey to return
to the previous level softkeys. MSG
MSG