Garmin G1000 Manual

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850447
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
6.10 GTS 820 TRAFFIC
 WARNING:  The GTS 820 Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only to aid the pilot in 
visually acquiring traffic.  No avoidance maneuvers should be based solely upon TAS traffic information.  It 
is the responsibility of the pilot in command to see and maneuver to avo\
id traffic.
  NOTE:  Pilots should be aware of TAS system limitations.  TAS systems require transponders of other aircraft 
to respond to system interrogations.  If the transponders do not respond to interrogations due phenomena 
such as antenna shading or marginal transponder performance, traffic may be displayed intermittently, or 
not at all.  Aircraft without altitude reporting capability are shown without altitud\
e separation data or climb 
descent indication.  Pilots should remain vigilant for traffic at all times.
 NOTE:  TIS is disabled when TAS installed. 
The	 optional	 Garmin	GTS	820	is	a	Traffic	 Advisory	 System	(TAS).		The	GTS	 820	enhances	 flight	crew	situational	
awareness	 by	displaying	 traffic	information	 for	transponder-equipped	 aircraft.		The	GTS	 820	also	provides	 visual	
and	aural	traffic	alerts	including	voice	announcements	to	assist	in	visually	acquiring	traffic.
The	GTS	 820	is	capable	 of	tracking	 up	to	45	 intruding	 aircraft	equipped	 with	Mode	 A	or	 C	transponders,	 and	up	
to	30	 intruders	 equipped	 with	Mode	 S	transponders.		 A	maximum	 of	30	 aircraft	 with	the	highest	 threat	potential	
can	be	displayed	simultaneously.		No	TAS	surveillance	is	provided	for	aircraft	without	operating	transponders.
THEORY OF OPERATION
When	 the	GTS	 820	is	in	 Operating	 Mode,	the	unit	 interrogates	 the	transponders	 of	intruding	 aircraft	while	
monitoring	 transponder	 replies.	 	The	GTS	 820	uses	 this	information	 to	derive	 the	distance,	 relative	bearing,	
and	if	reported,	 the	altitude	 and	vertical	 trend	for	each	 aircraft	 within	its	surveillance	 range.		The	GTS	 820	then	
calculates	 a	closure	 rate	to	each	 intruder	 based	on	the	 projected	 Closest	Point	of	Approach	 (CPA).		If	the	 closure	
rate	meets	the	threat	criteria	for	a	Traffic	Advisory	(TA),	visual	and	aural	alerting	is	provided.
TAS  SURVEILLANCE VOLUME
The	 GTS	 820	surveillance	 system	monitors	 the	airspace	 within	±10,000	 feet	of	own	 altitude.		 Under	ideal	
conditions,	 the	unit	 scans	 transponder	 traffic	up	to	40	 nm	 in	the	 forward	 direction.	 	 Range	is	somewhat	
reduced	 to	the	 sides	 and	aft	of	own	 aircraft	 due	to	the	 directional	 interrogation	 signal	patterns.		 In	areas	 of	
greater	 transponder	 traffic	density	 or	when	 TCAS	 II	systems	 are	detected,	 the	GTS	 820	automatically	 reduces	
its	interrogation	 transmitter	power	(and	therefore	 range)	in	order	 to	limit	 potential	 interference	 from	other	
signals.
TAS SYMBOLOGY
The	GTS	850	uses		symbology	to	depict	intruding	traffic	using	the	symbols	shown	in	Table	6-30.  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A448
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
TAS SymbolDescription
Non-Threat Traffic
Proximity Advisory  (PA)
Traffic Advisory  (TA)
Traffic Advisory Off Scale
Table 6-30  TAS Symbol Description
A	Traffic	 Advisory	 (TA),	displayed	 as	a	yellow	 circle,	alerts	the	crew	 to	a	potentially	 hazardous	intruding	
aircraft,	if	the	 closing	 rate,	distance,	 and	vertical	 separation	 meet	TA	criteria.		 A	Traffic	 Advisory	 that	is	beyond	
the	 selected	 display	range	(off	scale)	 is	indicated	 by	a	half	 TA	symbol	 at	the	 edge	 of	the	 screen	 at	the	 relative	
bearing	of	the	intruder.
A	Proximity	 Advisory	(PA),	displayed	 as	a	solid	 white	 diamond,	 indicates	the	intruding	 aircraft	is	within	
±1200	feet	and	is	within	a	6	nm	range,	but	is	still	not	considered	a	TA	threat.
A	 Non-threat	 Advisory,	shown	as	an	 open	 white	 diamond,	 is	displayed	 for	traffic	 beyond	 6	nm	 that	 is	
neither	a	TA	or	PA.
Relative	 altitude,	 when	available,	 is	displayed	 above	or	below	 the	corresponding	 intruder	symbol	in	
hundreds	 of	feet	 (Figure	 6-167).		 When	this	altitude	 is	above	 own	aircraft,	 it	is	 preceded	 by	a	‘+’	 symbol;	 a	
minus	sign	‘-’	indicates	traffic	is	below	own	aircraft.
A	vertical	 trend	arrow	 to	the	 right	 of	the	 intruder	 symbol	(Figure	6-167)	indicates	 climbing	or	descending	
traffic	with	an	upward	or	downward-pointing	arrow	respectively.	
Relative Altitude
Vertical trend arrow
Figure  6-167    Intruder Altitude  and Vertical Trend Arrow
Flight	 IDs	may	 also	be	displayed	 with	traffic	 symbols;	 see	the	 Flight	 IDs	discussion	 in	this	 section	 for	more	
information.
The	 GTS	 820	automatically	 suppresses	the	display	 of	altitude-reporting	 aircraft	on	the	 ground	 under	either	
of the following conditions:
•	 On-ground	aircraft	is	equipped	with	a	Mode	S	transponder.
•	 On-ground	 aircraft	is	equipped	 with	a	Mode	 C	transponder,	 and	own	 aircraft’s	radar	 altimeter	(if	installed)	
is	displaying	1700’	AGL	or	less.  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850449
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
TA ALERTING  CONDITIONS
The	GTS	 820	automatically	 adjusts	its	TA	 sensitivity	 level	to	reduce	 the	likelihood	 of	nuisance	 TA	alerting	
during	 flight	phases	 likely	to	be	 near	 airports.	 Level	A	(less)	 TA	sensitivity	 is	used	 when	 the	aircraft’s	 landing	
gear	is	extended,	 or	when	 the	radar	 altimeter	 (if	equipped)	 indicates	own	aircraft	 altitude	 is	below	 2000’	AGL.		
In	all	other	conditions,	Level	B	(greater)	TA	sensitivity	is	used	to	assess	TA	threats.
Sensitivity 
Level
Intruder Altitude 
Available
TA Alerting  Conditions
AYe s
Intruder closing rate provides less than 20 seconds of vertical and 
horizontal separation.
Or:
Intruder closing rate provides less than 20 seconds of horizontal 
separation and vertical separation is within 600 feet.
Or:
Intruder range is within 0.2 nm and vertical separation is within 
600 feet.
ANoIntruder closing rate provides less than 15 seconds of separation.
BYe s
Intruder closing rate provides less than 30 seconds of vertical and 
horizontal separation.
Or:
Intruder closing rate provides less than 30 seconds of horizontal 
separation and vertical separation is within 800 feet.
Or:
Intruder range is within 0.55 nm and vertical separation is within 
800 feet.
BNoIntruder range is less than 20 seconds.
Table 6-31  TA Sensitivity Level and TA Alerting Criteria  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A450
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
TAS ALERTS
 NOTE:  Aural traffic alerts do not occur at or below 400' AGL (if a radar altimeter is installed) or when the 
landing gear is extended (if a radar altimeter is not installed).  Only visual traffic annunciations are issued 
under these conditions.
When	the	GTS	820	detects	a	new	TA,	the	following	occur:
•	 A	 single	“Traffic”	voice	 alert	is	generated,	 followed	by	additional	 voice	information	 about	the	bearing,	 relative	
altitude,	 and	approximate	 distance	from	the	intruder	 that	triggered	 the	TA	(Table	 6-32).		 The	announcement	
“Traffic!  12 o’clock, high, four miles,”	would	 indicate	 the	traffic	 is	in	 front	 of	own	 aircraft,	 above	own	
altitude,	and	approximately	four	nautical	miles	away.
•	 A	TRAFFIC	 Annunciation	 appears	at	the	 top	 right	 of	the	 airspeed	 on	the	 PFD,	 flashing	 for	five	 seconds	 and	
remains	displayed	until	no	TAs	are	detected	in	the	area	(Figure	6-168).
•	 The	PFD	Inset	Map	is	automatically	displayed	with	TA	traffic.
	 If	the	bearing	 of	TA	 traffic	 cannot	 be	determined,	 a	yellow	 text	banner	 will	be	displayed	 in	the	 center	 of	the	
Traffic	 Map	Page	 and	in	the	 lower-left	 of	the	 PFD	 inset	 map	instead	 of	a	TA	 symbol.		 The	text	will	indicate	
“TA”	followed	by	the	distance,	relative	altitude,	and	vertical	trend	arrow	for	the	TA	traffic,	if	known.
A	TA	 will	 be	displayed	 for	at	least	 eight	 seconds,	 even	if	the	 condition(s)	 that	initially	 triggered	 the	TA	are	 no	
longer present. 
Figure 6-168  Traffic Annunciation (PFD)
Inset Map 
Displays When  TA is Detected
BearingRelative AltitudeDistance (nm)
“One o’clock” through 
“Twelve o’clock”
or “No Bearing”
“High”, “Low”, “Same Altitude” (if 
within 200 feet of own altitude), or 
“Altitude not available”
“Less than one mile”,
 “One Mile” through “Ten Miles”, or 
“More than ten miles”
Table  6-32   TA  Descriptive Voice Announcements  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850451
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
SYSTEM TEST
 NOTE:  GTS 820 traffic surveillance is not available during the system test.  Use caution when performing a 
system test during flight.
The	 GTS	 820	provides	 a	system	 test	mode	 to	verify	 the	TAS	 system	 is	operating	 normally.		 The	test	takes		 ten	
seconds	 to	complete.	 	 When	the	system	 test	is	initiated,	 a	test	 pattern	 of	traffic	 symbols	 is	displayed	 on	the	
Traffic	 Map	Page	 (Figure	 6-169).	 If	the	 system	 test	passes,	 the	aural	 announcement	“TAS System Test Passed” 
is heard, otherwise the system announces “TAS System Test Failed.”		When	 the	system	 test	is	complete,	 the	
GTS	820	enters	Standby	Mode.
Testing the traffic system:
1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group.
2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page.
3) Turn the Range knob to set the range to 2/6 nm to make sure full test pattern is shown during test. 
4) Select the TEST Softkey.
Or:
1) Press the MENU Key and turn the small FMS knob to select ‘Test Mode’.
2) Press the ENT Key.  
TA at 9 o’clock, 
Distance 2.0 
nm, 200’ Below,  Climbing
Non-Threat 
Traffic at 
11 o’clock, 
Distance  3.6  nm, 1000’ 
Above, Level Proximity 
Traffic at 
1 o’clock, 
Distance 
3.6 nm, 
1000’ Below, 
Descending
Test ModeTest Mode 
Annunciation
Figure 6-169  System Test in Progress with Test Pattern  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A452
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
OPERATION
 NOTE:  The GTS 820 automatically transitions from STANDBY to OPERATE mode eight seconds after takeoff.   
The unit also automatically transitions from OPERATE to STANDBY mode 24 seconds after landing.
After	 power-up,	 the	GTS	 820	is	in	 Standby	 Mode.	The	GTS	 820	must	 be	in	Operating	 Mode	for	traffic	 to	be	
displayed	and	for	TAs	to	be	issued.
	Selecting	 the	OPERATE	Softkey	 allows	the	GTS	 820	to	switch	 from	Standby	 Mode	to	Operating	 Mode	as	
necessary.		Selecting	the	STANDBY Softkey	forces	the	unit	into	Standby	Mode.	
Switching from operating mode to standby mode:
On the Traffic Page, select the STANDBY Softkey
Or:
1) Press the MENU Key and turn the small FMS knob to select ‘Standby Mode’.
2) Press the ENT Key.
Switching from standby mode to operating mode:
  On the Traffic Page, select the OPERATE Softkey
Or:
1) Press the MENU Key and turn the small FMS knob to select ‘Operate Mode’.
2) Press the ENT Key.  The GTS 820 switches from Standby Mode to Operating Mode as necessary.
TRAFFIC MAP PAGE
The	Traffic	 Map	Page	 shows	 surrounding	 TAS	traffic	 data	in	relation	 to	the	 aircraft’s	 current	position	 and	
altitude,	without	basemap	 clutter.		Aircraft	orientation	 is	always	 heading	 up	unless	 there	is	no	 valid	 heading.		
Map	range	is	adjustable	with	the	RANGE Knob	from	2	to	40	nm,	as	indicated	by	the	map	range	rings.
The traffic mode and altitude display mode are annunciated in the upper left corner of the page.  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850453
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
Figure 6-170  Traffic Map Page
Traffic Mode
Altitude  Mode
Proximity Traffic,  900’ Above, 
Level, Flight ID  Displayed
“No Bearing” 
Traffic (Bearing 
Undetermined),  Distance 4.0 
nm, 500’ Above,  Climbing Traffic 
Advisory Off-
Scale, 400’ 
Below, LevelTraffic Display 
Range
Traffic Advisory, 
500’ Below, Climbing
Non-Threat 
Traffic, 
Altitude Not 
Reported
Non-Threat 
Traffic, 2500’ 
Above, 
Descending
Displaying traffic on the Traffic Map Page:
1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group.
2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page.
3) Select the OPERATE Softkey to begin displaying traffic.  OPERATING is displayed in the Traffic mode field.
4) Select the STANDBY Softkey to place the system in the Standby mode.  STANDBY is displayed in the Traffic 
mode field.
5) Turn the RANGE Knob clockwise to display a larger area or counter-clockwise to display a smaller area.  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A454
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
altitUDe DisPlay
The	pilot	 can	select	 the	volume	 of	airspace	 in	which	 non-threat	 and	proximity	 traffic	is	displayed.		 TAs	
occurring	outside	of	these	limits	will	always	be	shown.
Changing the altitude range:
1) On the Traffic Map Page, select the ALT MODE Softkey.
2) Select one of the following Softkeys:
	 •	ABOVE: Displays non-threat and proximity traffic from 9000 feet above the aircraft to 2700 feet below the 
aircraft.  Typically used during climb phase of flight.  
	 •	NORMAL: Displays non-threat and proximity traffic from 2700 feet above the aircraft to 2700 feet below 
the aircraft.  Typically used during enroute phase of flight.
	 •	BELOW: Displays non-threat and proximity traffic from 2700 feet above the aircraft to 9000 feet below the 
aircraft.  Typically used during descent phase of flight. 
	 •	UNREST (unrestricted): All traffic is displayed from 9900 feet above and 9900 feet below the aircraft.
3) To return to the Traffic Page, select the BACK Softkey.
 Or:
1) Press the MENU Key.
2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select one of the following (see softkey description in step 2 above):
	 •	ABOVE 
	 •	NORMAL 
	 •	BELOW
	 •	UNRESTRICTED
3) Select the ENT Softkey.
Flight iD DisPlay
The	Flight	 IDs	of	other	 aircraft	 (when	available)	 can	be	enabled	 for	display	 on	the	 Traffic	 Map	Page	
(Figure	 6-171).		 When	a	flight	 ID	is	received,	 it	will	 appear	 above	or	below	 the	corresponding	 traffic	symbol	
on	the	Traffic	Map	Page	when	this	option	is	enabled.	  
						

							190-00709-04  Rev. AGarmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850455
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
Figure 6-171  Traffic Map Page with Flight IDs Enabled
Flight ID
Enabling/Disabling Flight ID Display:
 On the Traffic Map Page, select the FLT ID Softkey.
 Or:
1) Press the MENU Key.
2) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose ‘Show Flight IDs’ or ‘Hide Flight IDs’ (choice dependent on current state) 
(Figure 6-172).
3) Press the ENT Key.
Figure 6-172  Traffic Map Page Menu  
						

							Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850190-00709-04  Rev. A456
HAZARD AVOIDANCE
tRaFFic maP Page DisPlay Range
The	display	 range	on	the	 Traffic	 Map	Page	 can	be	changed	 at	any	 time.		 Map	range	 is	adjustable	 with	the	
RANGE Knob	from	2	to	40	nm,	as	indicated	by	the	map	range	rings.
Changing the display range on the Traffic Map Page: 
1) Turn the RANGE Knob.
2) The following range options are available:
	 •	2 nm
	 •	2 and 6 nm
	 •	6 and 12 nm
	 •	12 and 24 nm
	 •	24 and 40 nm
ADDITIONAL TRAFFIC  DISPLAYS
Traffic	information	can	be	displayed	on	the	following	maps	on	the	MFD	when	the	unit	is	operating:
•	 Navigation
Traffic	 information	 can	also	 be	displayed	 on	the	 PFD	 when	 the	Synthetic	 Vision	System	 (SVS)	option	 is	
installed	and	enabled.		See	the	Additional	Features	Section	for	details.
Displaying traffic information (MFD maps other than the Traffic Map Page):
1) Select the MAP Softkey.
2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey.  Traffic is now displayed on the map.
When	traffic	is	selected	 on	maps	 other	than	the	Traffic	 Map	Page,	 a	traffic	 icon	is	shown	 to	indicate	 traffic	
is	enabled	for	display	(Figure	6-173).
Displaying traffic on the Navigation Map
1) Ensure the TAS system is operating.  With the Navigation Map displayed, select the MAP Softkey.
2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey.  Traffic is now displayed on the map as shown in the figure.