GE Vivid 7 Service Manual

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
Chapter 5 - Components and Functions (Theory) 5 - 45
5-3-17 Digital Signal Processors  Subsystem In Units with FEP1
NOTE: The Digital Signal Processors Subsystem, as  described here, is only used in Front-End Rack 
version 1 (FEP1). 
In units with Front- End Rack version 2 (FEP2), the RFI boa rd plus software on the BEP replaces 
the functionality of these boards, see:  5-3-21 Radio Frequency Interface Board, RFI on 
page 5-61 .
5-3-17-1 General Description The digitized signals from the Beam  Formers, are connected to the Digit al Signal Processing modules. 
These Digital Signal Processors to gether with software on the BEP, performs the adequate signal 
conditioning for the different data ty pes; Tissue, Doppler and Color Flow. 
5-3-17-1-1 Tissue and Doppler Signal Processing A.) On units with FEP1, the following boards perfor m the signal processing for Tissue and Doppler 
signals, 
- RF & Tissue Processor board (RFT)
- Spectrum Doppler Processor board (SDP). 
B.) On units with FEP2, a new card, the Radio Frequen cy Interface (RFI) board (together with software 
on the BEP), replaces the functionality of the R FT and SDP cards and perform the signal processing 
for Tissue and Doppler signals.
5-3-17-1-2 Color Flow Processing Color Flow processing is done by software on the Back-End Processor.  Figure 5-31   Digital Signal Processing 
RFT - Radio 
Frequency & 
Tissue
SDP - 
Spectral 
Doppler
IMP - 
Image Port 
Motherboard connector 
to Internal I/O module
VME-bus
Doppler Audio
S-Video/CVideo replay (from VCR)
To/From 
FEC
Digitized received 
ultrasound signals 
from Beam Former
To Back-End 
Processor
PC2IP bus 
(Digital Video Data)
PipeLink PipeLink  
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
5 - 46 Section 5-3 - a  Front-End Processor (FEP)
5-3-17-2 Location in the Unit • Color Flow Processing is done by  software on the Back-End Processor.
• Tissue processing and Doppler processing are done by the cards listed in  Table 5-35 on page 5-46.
5-3-17-3 Input Signals • Digitized ultrasound signals from the Beam Formers
• S-Video/C-Video replay from  VCR (via Internal I/O)
5-3-17-4 Bi-directional Signals
5-3-17-4-1 PC2IP Bus Digital Control Signals and Parameters be tween Image Port and BEP, via PC2IP bus
5-3-17-4-2 VME Bus The VME data bus is used for data communication between the following cards: FEC, RFT, SDP and 
IMP.
5-3-17-4-3 PipeLink Bus The PipeLink bus is an unidirectional data bus, tr ansporting data from the PipeLink dispatcher (RF & 
Tissue Processor) through the accessed proces sor(s) to the destination, the Image Port. 
Data leaving the RF & Tissue Processor has a tag indica ting what type of data that is transported; e.g. 
2D Tissue, Doppler or 2D Flow. The receiver for  the data will decode this tag and if it matches the 
processor’s own address, th e data will be processed. 
Data that doesn’t have a matching tag,  is passed on to the next processor.
The Image Port will then map the data  into the on-board Image Memory. 
5-3-17-5 Output Signals • Color Flow Data, from RFT via Image Port to BEP
• Digital video data via PC2IP bus, from Image Port to BEP
• Doppler audio sound, from SDP to Internal I/O
5-3-17-6 Power Distribution Via Backplane, see description for each card.
5-3-17-7 Fuses, Jumpers, Dip-switches and LEDs See description for each card. Table 5-35    Digital Signal Processor boards located in the Front-End Rack
SHORT NAMEMODULE NAMECOMMENTS
RFT RADIO FREQUENCY & TISSUE PROCESSOR  FEP1
SDP SPECTRUM DOPPLER PROCESSOR FEP1
IMP IMAGE PORT
FEP1
RFIRADIO FREQUENCY INTERFACEFEP2 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
Chapter 5 - Components and Functions (Theory) 5 - 47
5-3-18 RF & Tissue Processor Board, RFT
NOTE: The RF & Tissue Processor Board (RFT) is only used in Front-End Rack version 1.  In units with Front-End Rack vers ion 2, the RFI board replaces the functionality of this board, 
see:  5-3-21 Radio Frequency Interface Board, RFI on page 5-61 .
5-3-18-1 General Description The RF & Tissue Processor board receives digitize d ultrasound signals from the Beam Formers. It 
extracts Tissue Data, Spec trum Data and IQ & Color Data from th e digital data stream on its input and 
it also performs RF filtering and di fferent types of Tissue Processing. 
The result is sent via the PipeLink bus to the Spectrum Doppler Processor.
Both type of data and what data samples (RF_MODE) to use are communicated to the RFT board from 
the Front-End Controller board (over the Front-End Bus). 
5-3-18-1-1 RF Processing Different types of RF processing can be performe d depending on later usage of the data; e.g.:
• RF Demodulation
• Digital Time Ga in Compensation 
• Filtering
• Decimation (data that are not neede d for the processing, is removed)
5-3-18-1-2 Data Buffer After RF filtering, the data is wri tten into different sliding ring buffers, dedicated the different types of 
data. While data is written into the  buffers sample by sample in vector s, multiple samples from the same 
range (depth) can be read out. 
Both input addressing (start and length) and output  addressing (through output events) are controlled 
by the Front-End Controller board. 
5-3-18-1-3 Tissue Processing A number of different tissue processes are performed on this board: 
1.) First the signal amplitude is obtained by  detection. 
2.) Then the data is compressed to attenuate the  strong signals and amplify the low level echoes. 
3.) After compression,  Zone Stitching is performed. Zone Stitching is used to combine the (transmit) 
focal zones from different  vectors into one vector by weighting the zone transitions, and does only 
apply to phased/linear array probes where multiple  vectors can be collected in the same direction. 
For M-Mode,  peak detection  and edge enhancement  is implemented. 
4.) Finally an offset can be added to  the signal and clipping is performed. 
5.) The tissue data is then tagged, and sent on to the Image Port board.
5-3-18-1-4 Color Flow Processing No Color Flow processing is performed here, exc ept for the RF demodulation previously mentioned. 
The data used for Color Flow is tagged with the  appropriate headers and tails and routed through an 
output multiplexer, via the Image Po rt to the Back-End Processor (BEP).
In addition to RF demodulation, a variable digital  high pass filter is implemented on the RFT board.The 
purpose of this filter is to remove strong low fr equency signals returning from wall motion, valves and 
leaflets. The filtering is performed by an on-board DS P (Digital Signal Processor). Data is then tagged 
and sent to the Spectrum Doppler Processor board. 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
5 - 48 Section 5-3 - a  Front-End Processor (FEP)
5-3-18 RF & Tissue Processor Board, RFT (cont’d)
5-3-18-1-5 Control The RFT board has a local Digital Signal Processor (DSP) with an external EPROM.
The DSP performs multiple control tasks:
1.) It handles communication with the BEP over the VME bus.
2.) It updates filter coefficients and  other parameters in the data path.
3.) When output events from the Fron t-End Controller is received, it sets up the PipeLink output control 
for data tagging and transfer.
During transfer of time motion data, it sets up a  time-slot data transfer (which replaced the output event 
based transfer).
5-3-18-2 Location in the Unit
Figure 5-32   RFT Board: Location in Unit
RFT BoardFront of 
Scanner 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
Chapter 5 - Components and Functions (Theory) 5 - 49
5-3-18 RF & Tissue Processor Board, RFT (cont’d)
5-3-18-3 Inputs
5-3-18-3-1 Input Signals 
5-3-18-4 Bi-directional Signals
 
5-3-18-5 Outputs
5-3-18-6 DC Voltages
 
Table 5-36    Input Signals 
INPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION FROM
MLA 0 &  MLA 1 Input data stream
VME Bus Data communication BEP
Front-End Bus Information about the type of data and the data sample.  FEC
Table 5-37    Bi-directional Signals 
OUTPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION TO
VME Bus Data communication BEP (via P1)
Table 5-38    Output Signals 
OUTPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION TO
Clock distribution Clock distribution
PipeLink Digital Data Transfer  SDP
IMP (via SDP)
BEP (via SDP and IMP)
P4 Production Test Plug
P5Production Test Plug
Table 5-39    DC Voltages 
INPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION FROM
+ 5 Vd DC output voltage, distributed via Motherboard 
(Backplane). 
The “d” indicates that this volt age is used for digital circuits.DC Power Supply via Backplane
- 5 Va DC output voltage, distributed via Motherboard 
(Backplane). 
The “a” indicates that this voltage is used for analog circuits. DC Power Supply via Backplane
GND Distributed via Motherboard (Ba ckplane) DC Power Supply via Backplane 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
5 - 50 Section 5-3 - a  Front-End Processor (FEP)
5-3-18 RF & Tissue Processor Board, RFT (cont’d)
5-3-18-7 Fuses and Dip-switches None
5-3-18-8 LEDs and Jumpers
 
Figure 5-33   RFT, LEDs and Jumpers
Table 5-40    LEDs on the RFT Board
LED #LED COLORDESCRIPTIONNORMAL STATE
LD8  - Red Board Failure OFF
LD7  - Green Board OK ON
LD6  - Yellow DSP Runs BLINKING
LD5 - YellowData Out on PipeLinkON During Data Transfers to PipeLink
LD4 - YellowSpa reOFF
LD3 - RedClock ProblemsOFF
LD2  - Red Clock Problems OFF
LD1  - Red Clock Problems OFF
LD1
LD2
LD3
LD4
LD5
LD6
LD7
LD8
P5
12
3940
P4
12
1112
SW800 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
Chapter 5 - Components and Functions (Theory) 5 - 51
5-3-19 Spectrum Doppler  Processor Board, SDP
NOTE: The Spectrum Doppler Processor Board is only used in Front-End Rack version 1. 
In units with Front-End Rack ve rsion 2, the RFI board plus software on the BEP replaces the 
functionality of this board, see:  5-3-21 Radio Frequency Interfac e Board, RFI on page 5-61.
5-3-19-1 General Description • This board performs Spectrum Analysis on the  Doppler signals and makes the velocity traces, 
• The Doppler audio channels are generated on this board.
• During Duplex modes (e.g. 2D and Doppler), The  Missing Signal Estimator will fill the gaps in the 
Doppler spectrum by stretc hing the “real” spectrum ou t to fill the missing time. 
• A serial link from the Internal I/O board, f eeds the A/D converted traces (like ECG, Phono and 
Pressure) into the SDP. These signals are sent  together with the Doppler data via the PipeLink bus 
to the Image Port Board.
5-3-19-2 Doppler Processing The Spectrum Doppler Processor board (SDP) receives  digitized Doppler data from the RFT board, via 
the PipeLink bus. It performs the Pulsed Do ppler processing and produces Doppler Audio. 
• The processed Doppler result is se nt via the PipeLink bus to IMP. 
• Doppler Audio is routed via the backplane to the Internal I/O.
In Pulsed Wave (PW) Doppler, several sets of data from the same range (depth), but originating from 
different transmit pulses, are transferred from a data  buffer on RFT. In Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler, 
the data samples are transferred consecutively.
5-3-19-3 Spectrum Analysis The data sets are written into a sliding ring buffer with different ranges along the vertical axis and 
different transmit pulses along the horizontal (time)  axis, thus achieving a two-dimensional matrix. By 
reading the data out of the buffer in a certain way (r e. Principles of Operation) and performing Discrete 
Fourier Transform on the data, velocities up to se ven times the pulse repetition frequency (in PW) can 
be displayed. Parts of the spectral analysis  is done by a digital signal processor (DSP1). 
During Duplex modes (e.g. 2D and Doppler) the gaps  in the spectrum (when doing 2D) is filled by 
stretching the “real” spectrum  out to fill the missing time.
5-3-19-4 Audio The Doppler audio channels (I and Q, or DOPLA and DOPLB) are generated based upon the digital 
data stored in the ring buffer. The data is transferred  from the buffer into DSP2 (Digital Signal Processor 
no. 2) which controls the D/A conversion as well as  the Missing Signal Estimation of audio in Duplex 
modes. 
5-3-19-5 Trace Interface A serial link from the Inte rnal I/O board, feeds seve ral A/D converted traces (like ECG, phono, pressure) 
into the Spectrum Doppler Processor board. 
These traces as well as spectral data, are tagged and transported over the PipeLink to the Image Port 
under control of DSP1.
5-3-19-6 Control The DSP1 controls the data flow an d updating of all parameters, including control of read/write address 
generation. It communicates with th e BEP over the VME bus and provid es the PipeLink output with 
spectrum and trace data. 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
5 - 52 Section 5-3 - a  Front-End Processor (FEP)
5-3-19 Spectrum Doppler Pr ocessor Board, SDP (cont’d)
5-3-19-7 Location in the Unit
5-3-19-8 Input Signals
 
5-3-19-9 Bi-directional Signals
 
Figure 5-34   SPD Board - Location in Unit
Table 5-41    Input signals 
INPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION FROM:
PipeLink Doppler Signals extracted RFT Board
Serial Trace Data Analog Traces Patient I/O via Internal I/O
Table 5-42    Bi-directional signals 
INPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION FROM:
VME Bus Data communication BEP
SDP BoardFront of 
Scanner 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
Chapter 5 - Components and Functions (Theory) 5 - 53
5-3-19 Spectrum Doppler Pr ocessor Board, SDP (cont’d)
5-3-19-10 Outputs
 
5-3-19-11 DC Voltages
 
5-3-19-12 Fuses and Dip-switches
None Table 5-43    Output Signals 
INPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION TO:
PipeLink Doppler Signals  extracted IMP Board
Audio Output Analog Doppler (I and Q) signals to Operator Panel 
speakers and VCR Internal I/O
VME Bus Data communication IMP
Table 5-44    DC Input Voltages 
INPUTDESCRIPTIONCONNECTION FROM:
+ 5 Vd DC output voltage, distributed via Motherboard 
(Backplane). 
The “d” indicates that this volt age is used for digital circuits.DC Power Supply via Backplane
- 5 Va DC output voltage, distributed via Motherboard 
(Backplane). 
The “a” indicates that this voltage is used for analog circuits. DC Power Supply via Backplane
GND Distributed via Motherboard (Ba ckplane) DC Power Supply via Backplane 
						

							
GE HEALTHCARE
DIRECTION FC091194, REVISION 11    VIVID 7 SERVICE MANUAL 
5 - 54 Section 5-3 - a  Front-End Processor (FEP)
5-3-19 Spectrum Doppler Pr ocessor Board, SDP (cont’d)
5-3-19-13 LEDs and Jumpers
Figure 5-35   SDP, LEDs and Jumpers
LD8
LD9
LD10
LD11
LD12
SW3
LD1
LD2
LD3
LD4
LD5
LD6
LD7
P4
12
3940
P6
12
1112SW1
P5
12
1112